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Process for producing water-absorbent materials having excellent water absorption properties
| Details |
Inventors: Yamasaki, Harumasa; Sumida, Yuzo; Harada, Shoichiro;
Assignee: Kao Soap Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
Primary Examiner: Schofer; Joseph L.
Assistant Examiner: Kulkosky; Peter F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Flynn, Thiel, Boutell & Tanis
A process is disclosed for producing a water-absorbent material by dispersing and suspending an aqueous solution of a water-soluble, ethylenically unsaturated monomer in a hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of an oil-soluble cellulose ester or cellulose ether and then carrying out the polymerization using a water-soluble radical-polymerization initiator, characterized by the feature that one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible surfactants is (are) added to the system during or after the polymerization reaction. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: 1.
A process for preparing a water-insoluble polymer capable of absorbing water, aqueous salt solutions and blood, which comprises the steps of: dispersing (1) an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, said solution containing from 30% by weight up to the saturation amount of said monomer, in (2) a liquid dispersion medium selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon liquids and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon liquids, so that the volume ratio of said dispersion medium to said aqueous solution is in the range of 1:2 to 5:1, in the presence of from 0.
1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of said monomer, of a protective colloid selected from the group consisting of cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, thereby forming a water-in-oil dispersion, said protective colloid being insoluble or sparingly soluble in said dispersion medium at room temperature; then polymerizing said monomer, at an elevated temperature of at least 40.
degree.
C.
, in the presence of a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator, whereby to form particles of a polymer dispersed in said liquid dispersion medium, said protective colloid being soluble in said dispersion medium at said elevated polymerization temperature; adding from 0.
01 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of said monomer, of one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible surfactants having an HLB of 7 or higher to the liquid dispersion medium during or after completion of said polymerization step; and then recovering said polymer particles.
2.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 7 or higher, anionic surfactants having an HLB of 7 or higher, and mixtures thereof.
3.
A porcess as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aqueous solution contains a water-soluble cross-linking agent in an amount not greater than 5 wt
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