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Sulfonation apparatus
| Details |
Inventors: Tsuto, Keiichi; Majima, Kanji; Imamura, Shigeyasu;
Assignee: Kao Soap Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JA)
Primary Examiner: Tayman, Jr.; James H.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Blanchard, Flynn, Thiel, Boutell & Tanis
A sulfonation apparatus comprising a plurality of vertical first-stage reaction tubes in which the sulfonatable material and an SO.sub.3 -containing gas are flowed upwardly from the lower ends thereof and a single vertical second-stage reaction tube in which the reaction products from the upper ends of all of the first-stage reaction tubes are combined and are flowed downwardly together with fresh SO.sub.3 -containing gas in order to complete the sulfonation reaction. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for sulfonation which can be effectively employed for large-scale production of sulfonated compounds.
Although the present invention is similar to the conventional procedure in the feature that the reaction is performed as a two-stage reaction, the present invention obtains unexpectedly improved results by carrying out the first-stage reaction in a plurality of reaction tubes in a parallel arrangement and conducting the second-stage reaction in a single reaction tube.
The advantage brought about by the use of plural reaction tubes for the first-stage reaction is as follows.
Namely, because the reaction is not 100% completed (on the basis of the organic compound fed in) in the first-stage reaction, the molar ratio between the liquid and gas fed into each of the first-stage reactors need not be controlled precisely.
That is to say, a precise liquid-gas ratio control can be effected on the combination of the first-stage and second-stage reaction, as a whole, but a strict control of each reaction stage and of each reactor of the first stage is not necessary.
For example, when the reaction is carried out to about 80% completion in the first-stage and the balance of the reaction (about 20%) is completed in the second-stage, the degree of reaction completion in each of the first-stage reactors can be different, such as 78% in one first-stage reactor and 82% in another first-stage reactor.
Because the reaction products from the individual first-stage reactors are combined and the mixture as a whole is subjected to completion of the reaction in the subsequent second-stage reactor, non-uniformity in the degrees of completion of the reaction in the individual first-stage reactors does not give an adverse effect on the quality and other properties of the resulting final product.
On the other hand, the sulfonation reaction is a highly exothermic reaction and the efficiency of cooling exerts a significant influence on the color of the final product
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