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Directional microphone
| Details |
Inventors: Bauer, Benjamin B.;
Assignee: CBS Inc. (New York, NY)
Primary Examiner: Claffy; Kathleen H.
Assistant Examiner: Stellar; George G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Olson; Spencer E.
A pressure gradient directional microphone of the moving coil type in which the acousto-mechanical function of the transducer is achieved by a vibratile diaphragm the major area of which is of coneiform shape and the central portion of which is of dome shape and of significantly smaller area and provides a surround for attaching the coil. One side of the diaphragm is exposed to the sound field surrounding the microphone, and the other side is exposed to two cavities, one of relatively large volume behind that portion of the diaphragm which is of coneiform shape, and a second behind the dome portion which is sufficiently smaller that it is unnecessary to provide any phase-shift action for any sound pressure generated therein. The diaphragm is secured at its periphery to a support ring having a plurality of openings formed therein which serve as acoustic ducts from the ambient into the larger cavity. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION I claim: 1.
In a dynamic microphone, the combination comprising, a body closed at one end by an annular magnetic pole-piece, an inner magnetic pole-piece supported coaxially within said annular pole-piece and therewith defining a circular air gap, an annular diaphragm support having a diameter much larger than the diameter of said air gap supported on said body generally coplanar with said air gap, a circular vibratile diaphragm secured at its periphery to said annular support, said diaphragm having an active outer area portion of coneiform shape which intersects with a central portion of dome shape, the active area of said outer portion being larger than the area of said dome portion, a circular coil having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of said dome portion secured to said diaphragm concentrically with said dome portion and supported within said air gap, one side of said diaphragm being adapted to receive external sound pressure and said coil producing electric output signals as a function of the sound pressure impinging upon the diaphragm, said diaphragm, said diaphragm support, and the surfaces of said annular and inner pole-pieces which confront said diaphragm enclosing a total volume divided by said air gap into two portions, the partial volume under the dome portion of the diaphragm being much smaller than the partial volume under the coneiform portion of the diaphragm, first duct means formed in said diaphragm support having acoustical impedance adapted to serve as an acoustic duct between the external atmosphere and said total volume, a second volume within said body enclosed in part by the surface of said annular pole-piece opposite the surface thereof which confronts said diaphragm, second duct means formed in said annular pole-piece having acoustical impedance adapted to serve as an acoustic duct between said total volume and said second volume, the acoustical impedance of said first and second duct means and said total and second volumes being so interrelated as to give the microphone a predetermined directional sensitivity pattern, the partial volume under the coneiform portion of said diaphragm being sufficiently larger than the partial volume under the dome portion of said diaphragm that any sound pressure generated within the partial volume under the dome portion does not significantly affect the directional sensitivity pattern
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