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Methane production by attached film
| Details |
Inventors: Jewell, William J.;
Assignee:
Primary Examiner: Wyse; Thomas G.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Laubscher & Laubscher
A method for purifying wastewater of biodegradable organics by converting the organics to methane and carbon dioxide gases is disclosed, characterized by the use of an anaerobic attached film expanded bed reactor for the reaction process. Dilute organic waste material is initially seeded with a heterogeneous anaerobic bacteria population including a methane-producing bacteria. The seeded organic waste material is introduced into the bottom of the expanded bed reactor which includes a particulate support media coated with a polysaccharide film. A low-velocity upward flow of the organic waste material is established through the bed during which the attached bacterial film reacts with the organic material to produce methane and carbon dioxide gases, purified water, and a small amount of residual effluent material. The residual effluent material is filtered by the film as it flows upwardly through the reactor bed. In a preferred embodiment, partially treated effluent material is recycled from the top of the bed to the bottom of the bed for further treatment. The methane and carbon dioxide gases are then separated from the residual effluent material and purified water. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The method for producing methane gas by the present invention is suitable for the treatment of any suitable dilute organic waste material such as domestic sewage, sludge, or human and animal wastes.
These materials contain the biologically decomposable organics necessary for methane production such as cellulose, protein, or carbohydrates.
The dilute organic waste materials have a concentration range of generally 20-60,000 mg/l BOC (biochemical oxygen demand) or 30-100,000 mg/l COD (chemical oxygen demand).
Preferably, the waste materials contain about 50-600 mg/l BOD, as in the case with most domestic sewage and organic industrial wastes.
Generally, anaerobic treatment has not been regarded as an effective process for treatment of low strength wastes.
However, the use of an anaerobic attached film expanded bed reactor has provided an efficient process for treating dilute organic wastes by removing BOD and converting it to energy in the form of methane gas.
Referring now to the drawing, the general process for producing methane gas from dilute organic waste material will be described.
A supply 2 of dilute organic waste material is delivered to the bottom of an anaerobic attached film expanded bed reactor 4 by a pump 6.
The reactor includes a bed of particulate support media 8 through which the waste material flows.
As will be developed in greater detail below, the organic waste material is converted within the expanded bed into methane gas and a residual effluent material.
A portion of the partially treated effluent material may be recycled from the top of the bed to the bottom of the bed by the recycle pump 10 at a rate from a fraction of the inflow rate to ten times the inflow rate.
The pumps 6 and 10 each have a variable delivery control to control the flow of waste material upward through the bed.
If desired, the force of gravity may be used in place of the pump 6.
The mixture of effluent material and methane gas is drawn off at the top of the reactor 4, where there is an interface of support media, effluent, and gas, into an inverted siphon 12 where the methane gas and effluent material are separated for delivery to a gas collector 14 and an effluent collector 16, respectively
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