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Pelletized composition for treatment of storm water runoff
| Details |
Inventors: Lenhart, James H.; Knutson, John H.; Stewart, William C.; Campbell, David C.;
Assignee: CSF Treatment Systems, Inc. (Beaverton, OR)
Primary Examiner: Fortuna; Ana
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Christensen O'Connor Johnson & Kindness
A pelletized composition and method of using this composition for removing pollutants from storm water runoff. A bed of the pellets has a useful initial permeability to storm water runoff, and retains a significant proportion of this permeability for a period of several years. Preferably, the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 25 wt. % so that they are able to withstand a crush force of at least 7 lb., without structural failure. Optionally, the pellets may contain gravel that forms a core of the compost pellet and that assists in causing the compost to agglomerate into a rounded pellet. When immersed in water, the pellets retain the original dry shape and maintain a significant proportion of the crush strength while providing interstitial spaces through which storm water can flow thereby reducing the problem of sedimentation that is encountered in unpelletized beds of compost used in this service. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The invention provides a composition and method that is effective for removing pollutants from storm water runoff.
The composition is in pellet-form, and storm water readily flows through a bed of such pellets, i.
e.
, the bed has a useful initial infiltration capacity to storm water runoff and this capacity can be substantially regenerated through simple maintenance.
The bed also retains its capacity to remove pollutants from storm water for a period of at least about 3 to about 4 years.
The pelletized composition of the invention includes mature deciduous leaf compost, and is dried to a moisture content of less than about 15 wt.
% based on the dry weight of the compost.
Surprisingly, the pelletized compost, optionally including a core of gravel, resists crushing, and is able to withstand a crush force of at least about 7 lbs, without structural failure.
When immersed in water, the pellets of the composition substantially retain their original dry shape, and maintain a proportion of their resistance to crush forces.
The interstitial spaces between pellets in the bed provide a flow path for storm water.
As a consequence of the pelletized shape of the composition, and the interstitial spaces created between the pellets, a bed of the pellets is able to maintain a useful infiltration capacity, even after storm water has deposited some sediment in the bed.
The invention also provides a method of treating storm water runoff that includes passing the storm water runoff through a bed of spherical-shaped pellets.
The bed of pellets is sufficiently thick to significantly reduce the concentration of the pollutants in the runoff.
In addition, the invention provides a method of pelletizing compost so that the pellets may be used in the treatment of storm water runoff.
The method includes preparing aged deciduous leaf compost by aerobically composting deciduous leaves.
This aged compost, known as "mature compost," is then screened to remove particulates greater than about 1/2 inch
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