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Nail for fixing a fracture of the femur |
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Dynamic patellar brace |
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Spline and splinting board combination |
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Abduction pillow |
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Resistance device |
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Fret |
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Fret system in stringed musical instruments |
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Hydrotherapy devices |
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Apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves having an acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer
| Details |
Inventors: Ishida, Yoshihiko; Tani, Makoto;
Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd. (JP)
Primary Examiner: Williams; Hezron E.
Assistant Examiner: Oda; Christine K.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Parkhurst, Wendel & Burr, L.L.P.
An apparatus for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves has a transmitter for sending a pair of ultrasonic waves to a sample. The pair of ultrasonic waves have substantially symmetric waveforms with respect to zero sound pressure. One of the ultrasonic wave is separated from the other ultrasonic wave. An acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer receives the pair of ultrasonic waves affected by the sample. The acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer converts the pair of ultrasonic waves into a pair of electric signals accompanied by phonon-charge carrier interaction. Each of the electric signals includes an acoustoelectric signal insensitive to phase and a piezoelectric signal sensitive to phase. A processing device processes the pair of electric signals so as to remove the piezoelectric signal and obtain the acoustoelectric signal. The initial ultrasonic waves have opposite phase so that superimposition of the pair of electric signals by the processing device offsets the piezoelectric signals, thereby obtaining the acoustoelectric signals. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION An object of the present invention solves the aforementioned problem by providing an apparatus and a method which are independent of frequency of ultrasonic waves and homogeneity of sound field. In related art, the electric frequency filter and the interference layer remove the piezoelectric signal through the process of receiving ultrasonic waves by the acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer. In the present invention, however, ultrasonic waves transmitted to a sample have features so as to facilitate processing of electric signals converted by the acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer. In the present invention, a transmitter sends a pair of ultrasonic waves to a sample, and the pair of the ultrasonic waves have substantially symmetric waveforms with respect to a zero sound pressure. In other words, the superimposition of the pair of ultrasonic waves offsets or cancels the phase of the ultrasonic waves, thereby the electric signal converted by the acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer offsets or cancels the phase, isolating the acoustoelectric signal. One of the ultrasonic waves is separated from the other ultrasonic wave. Only after one of the ultrasonic waves is transmitted, the other complementary ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the sample so as to prevent the overlap of the pair of ultrasonic waves. While the transmitter is sending one of the ultrasonic waves, the transmitter does not send the other complementary ultrasonic wave. An acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer receives the pair of ultrasonic waves affected by the sample. The acoustoelectric, ultrasonic transducer converts the pair of ultrasonic waves into a pair of electric signals accompanied by phonon-charge carrier interaction. Each of the electric signals includes an acoustoelectric signal that is insensitive to phase and a piezoelectric signal that is sensitive to phase. A processing device processes the pair of electric signals so as to remove the piezoelectric signal and obtain the acoustoelectric signal
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