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Hosting a network service on a cluster of servers using a single-address image
| Details |
Inventors: Chung, Pi-Yu; Damani, Om P.; Huang, Yennun; Kintala, Chandra M.; Wang, Yi-Min;
Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc. (Murray Hill, NJ); AT&T Corp. (New York, NY)
Primary Examiner: Meky; Moustafa M.
Assistant Examiner: Kupstas; Tod
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ryan, Mason & Lewis, LLP
Methods and apparatus for hosting a network service on a cluster of servers, each including a primary and a secondary Internet Protocol (IP) address. A common cluster address is assigned as the secondary address to each of the servers in the cluster. The cluster address may be assigned in UNIX-based servers using an ifconfig alias option, and may be a ghost IP address that is not used as a primary address by any server in the cluster. Client requests directed to the cluster address are dispatched such that only one of the servers of the cluster responds to a given client request. The dispatching may use a routing-based technique, in which all client requests directed to the cluster address are routed to a dispatcher connected to the local network of the server cluster. The dispatcher then applies a hash function to the client IP address in order to select one of the servers to process the request. The dispatching may alternatively use a broadcast-based technique, in which a router broadcasts client requests having the cluster address to all of the servers of the cluster over a local network. The servers then each provide a filtering routine, which may involve comparing a server identifier with a hash value generated from a client address, in order to ensure that only one server responds to each request broadcast by the router. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention provides methods and apparatus for hosting a network service on a cluster of servers.
All of the servers in a server cluster configured in accordance with the invention may be designated by a single cluster address which is assigned as a secondary address to each server.
All client requests for a web site or other network service associated with the cluster address are sent to the server cluster, and a dispatching mechanism is used to ensure that each client request is processed by only one server in the cluster.
The dispatching may be configured to operate without increasing the number of TCP/IP connections required for each client request.
The invention evenly distributes the client request load among the various servers of the cluster, masks the failure of any server or servers of the cluster by distributing client requests to the remaining servers without bringing down the service, and permits additional servers to be added to the cluster without bringing down the service.
Although well-suited for use in hosting web site services, the techniques of the present invention may also be used to support a wide variety of other server applications.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a network service is hosted by a server cluster in which each server includes a primary IP address and a secondary IP address.
A common cluster address is assigned as the secondary IP address for each of the servers.
The cluster address may be an IP address which does not correspond to a primary IP address of any of the servers.
In UNIX-based servers, the cluster address may be assigned as the secondary address for a given server using an ifconfig alias option.
If a given server includes multiple network interface cards, the cluster address may be assigned to one of the network interface cards using a UNIX ifconfig command without the alias option, or other similar technique.
A router is coupled to a local network of the server cluster and is also coupled via the Internet to a client
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