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Home Electrical and Wave Common-mode-voltage-rejection-circuit

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 Common mode voltage rejection circuit

Details
Inventors: Looper, Norman G.;
Assignee: Action Instruments Co. Inc. (San Diego, CA)
Primary Examiner: Karlsen; Ernest F.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Charmasson; Henri J. A.

A circuit for reducing the amplitude of a common mode voltage across the inputs of a differential measuring instrument. The circuit comprises a voltage divider between each of the differential input terminals and the instrument zero reference point on one side, and between the instrument's zero reference point and the common mode voltage reference (usually earth) on the other side. A potentiometer forms the divider junction at the instrument reference point and is used to compensate for resistance value tolerances in the circuit and any imbalance in the input path impedances of the two differential inputs. The value of the voltage divider resistors are selected so as to bring the instrument reference point as close as possible to the level of the common mode voltage without unduly reducing the instrument input impedance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The principal object of the invention is to minimize the common mode excursions experienced by a differential measurement instrument such as an amplifier by balancing its input leads and by establishing the zero reference point of the instrument at a well-defined impedance relative to earth.
A second object of the invention is to eliminate the switching of the input leads shield in multi-transducer systems thereby limiting the multiplexer to a two-pole switch for each channel, and reducing its costs.
A third objet of the invention is to maintain an effectively high input impedance for the measuring instrument by a judicious choice of absolute and relative values of the components of a front end common mode voltage rejection circuit.
A fourth object of the invention is to realize and maintain high common mode rejection over a wide temperature range using inexpensive components such as carbon and metal film resistors.
These and other objects are achieved by a simple voltage divider circuit which generates a driving potential for the Faraday cage and the instrument zero reference point, and provides a potentiometer for adjusting the effect of imbalance in the path resistance of the input leads.



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