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Electrical charge control apparatus and method for photovoltaic energy conversion systems
| Details |
Inventors: Petrillo, Gino A.;
Assignee:
Primary Examiner: Wong; Peter S.
Assistant Examiner: Shin; K.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bednarek; Michael D., Stockton LLP; Kilpatrick
A charge control apparatus and method for charging of an electrical energy storage device, such as a rechargeable storage battery, by an electrical energy source, such as a photovoltaic panel, provides multiple charge setpoint selection means wherein the electrical connection of one or more setpoint control terminations to the three electrical potential contacts storage device "+", no contact (NC), or common "-", produces a specific and predefined charge setpoint condition, including charge termination and resumption voltage thresholds, from a plurality of charge setpoint possibilities. Temperature compensation is employed in multiple setpoint charge control to maintain setpoint thresholds essentially constant with apparatus temperature and to effect a change in setpoint thresholds with storage device temperature in accordance with storage device charging characteristics. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a circuit and method which permits multiple charge voltage setpoints in photovoltaic battery charging apparatus, thereby making it possible to set an optimum charge terminate voltage threshold and charge resume voltage threshold based on battery type, temperature conditions, load characteristics, and other system considerations.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide temperature compensation means for said multiple charge voltage setpoint means so that charge voltage setpoints remain substantially unaffected by temperature variations in the charge control apparatus arising from ambient temperature changes or temperature changes brought about by dissipative elements within, or in proximity to, the charge control apparatus.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide battery temperature sensing means so that charge voltage setpoints established by said multiple charge voltage setpoint means will vary with battery temperature in a predetermined manner in order to maintain an optimum battery charge condition over the recommended operating temperature range of the battery.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the mechanical configurations for said multiple charge voltage setpoint means, so as to permit the implementation of said means in a simple and reliable manner, thereby improving performance while at the same time maintaining a high level of reliability in photovoltaic charge control apparatus.
To achieve the foregoing objects, and in accordance with the purposes of the invention as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a method of charge control for rechargeable batteries, particularly used in photovoltaic systems, which comprises the electrical connection of one or more voltage setpoint control terminations to one of three electrical potential contacts, each connection thus executed resulting in a specific and predefined charge voltage setpoint condition for charge terminate voltage threshold and charge resume voltage threshold, the three electrical potential contact being: battery "+"; no contact (NC); common "-"
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Electrical and Wave 
