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Convective air flow dynamic calorimeter
| Details |
Inventors: Miller, Bernard; Martin, J. Ronald; Meiser, Jr., Charles H.; Lambert, Harold W.; Buvel, Harry;
Assignee: Textile Research Institute (Princeton, NJ)
Primary Examiner: Goldstein; Herbert
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kane; John J., Zoda; Frederick A., Sperry; Albert
A calorimeter which measures a naturally induced flow of incoming air in a horizontal entry duct (air-inlet chamber) and through a horizontal elbow duct to an upright straight flue used as a combustion chamber, the measuring system consisting of a thermistor version of a hot-wire anemometer, a bridge circuit with a matched thermistor, and a strip chart recorder, the calorimeter utilizing convective air flow to make practical a method for directly, continuously, and quantitatively measuring, over the entire period of combustion from ignition to extinguishment, the heat emitted by a burning test material positioned in the upright vertical flue, thus providing a realistic, sensitive, and accurate method for monitoring quantities such as the total heat emitted per unit mass of sample, the total heat emitted per unit mass of volatilized portion, the maximum emitted energy flux, and the average burning acceleration, the apparatus being particularly useful for continuously evaluating burning behavior, particularly of flexible sheet materials such as textiles, plastics, and films. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The convective air flow dynamic calorimeter of the present invention includes a combustion chamber for holding therein a material or other sample to be tested for the burning characteristics thereof.
To facilitate entry and exit of the testing samples into the combustion chamber at least one or more access doors will be configured in the walls of the combustion chamber.
Air is supplied to the combustion chamber through an air inlet opening which is positioned at the external ambient environment.
Air is carried from the air inlet opening through an air inlet duct and preferably through an elbow duct to a position for direct entry into the combustion chamber.
Extending vertically from the combustion chamber is a vertically extending flue which aids in the exhausting of air from the combustion chamber during testing.
The burning characteristics of the sample are monitored by a unique sensing method which includes the use of a hot wire anemometer sensing means or thermistor within the air inlet flow ducting.
A second thermistor is positioned in the external ambient environment to be utilized as a standard against which the resistance reading of the first thermistor will be compared.
The comparison of these resistance readings is achieved through the use of an electrical bridging circuit and a recording means located therein.
The bridging circuit indicates the difference in resistance readings between the first thermistor located within the ducting and the second thermistor located in the external ambient environment.
Prior to the initiation of burning a variable balancing resistor is utilized to balance the bridging circuit.
Once burning has been initiated the convective induced flow of air upward through the flue induces the flow of air through the air inlet opening and past the first thermistor.
The resulting reduction in temperature of the first thermistor will show in the bridging circuit as a reduction in resistance of the first thermistor and will be indicated by the bridge circuit means on the recording device
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Exercise Devices 
