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| Exercise device |
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| Portable exercise kit |
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| Infant exerciser |
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| Animated exerciser apparatus |
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| Indicator for an exercising apparatus with a rotating means |
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| Freewheel clutch with a cage for receiving and retaining the gripping elements |
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| Positive mesh gearing system for toy cars |
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| Torque converter slip rate-based torque converter lock-up strategy |
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| Variable pitch type V-pulley |
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Methods of and apparatus for electrodeless discharge excitation
| Details |
Inventors: McNeill, William H.; Lech, Joseph M.; Haugsjaa, Paul O.; Regan, Robert J.;
Assignee: GTE Laboratories Incorporated (Waltham, MA)
Primary Examiner: Smith; Alfred E.
Assistant Examiner: Roberts; Charles F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fisher; Fred
A light source includes an electrodeless lamp having a generally cylindrically shaped envelope made of a light transmitting substance. A volatile fill material, enclosed within the envelope, emits light upon breakdown and excitation. A termination fixture has an outer conductor disposed around its inner conductor, both conductors having a first end which couples power to the lamp and a second end coupled to an alternating current power source. A first end of conductive means is coupled to the first end of the inner conductor, a second end of the conductive means being open-circuited. The conductive means has an electrical length whereby axial electric field maxima and minima occur thereon. The envelope is oriented centrally and axially within the conductive means so that an axial, non-toroidal arc occurs within the envelope, but does not attach to its interior walls, thereby enhancing the life of the lamp. The conductive means can be formed in a helical or spiral configuration. The spiral configuration can take various forms, such as constant or continuously varying. A small spherical conductor can be affixed to the second end of a helical conductive means to inhibit electrical breakdown from an otherwise sharp end. A power source operates at a frequency having a wavelength .lambda..sub.o. The discharge is contained in an envelope (having an internal length substantially n halves of an axial wavelength .lambda..sub.z) centrally located within the spiral conductive means. Axial electric field minima occur distances 2n.lambda..sub.z /4 from the open circuited end of the conductive means (i.e., at the ends of the envelope) and an axial non-toroidal arc occurs within the envelope but does not attach to its interior wall. If the outer conductor circumferentially surrounds the spiral conductive means and the envelope therewithin to form a cylinder having a radius b, and the spiral conductive means includes a coil having a radius a and a constant pitch p then ##EQU1## With certain designs, a plurality of arcs can occur within the envelope. An electrodeless lamp having a generally cylindrically shaped envelope with an internal length n.lambda./2 (wherein n is a positive integer) can be excited by providing an electric field consisting of a voltage standing wave with points of axial electric field minima separated from each other by a distance .lambda./2, and orienting the lamp with respect to the field so that the opposed ends of the lamp are aligned with different points of the axial electric field minima, so that an axial, non-toroidal arc occurs within the envelope but does not attach to its interior wall. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION Another object of this invention is to provide for new and improved electrodeless lamp systems which utilize standing wave principles for achieving arc isolation.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide for new and improved electrodeless lamp systems which are more effective and more efficient at high power levels than corresponding systems of the prior art.
Still another object of this invention is to provide for new and improved electrodeless lamp systems which can operate at high power and long life.
Still yet another object of this invention is to provide for new and improved electrodeless lamp systems which have lifetimes in excess of 5000 hours without degradation.
In accordance with preferred embodiments of this invention, an electromagnetic discharge apparatus includes an electrodeless lamp having a generally cylindrically shaped envelope made of a light transmitting substance.
A volatile fill material, enclosed within envelope, emits light upon breakdown and excitation.
A termination fixture has an outer conductor disposed around its inner conductor, both conductors having a first end which couples power to the lamp and a second end coupled to an alternating current power source.
The power source operates at a frequency which has a wavelength .
lambda.
(proportional to the free space wavelength .
lambda.
.
sub.
o).
A first end of conductive means is coupled to the first end of the inner conductor, a second end of the conductive means being open-circuited.
The conductive means has the same electrical length .
lambda.
whereby a voltage standing wave is presented thereon with voltage maxima occurring at the ends and center thereof and axial electric field minima occurring at distances .
lambda.
/4 from each of its two ends.
The envelope is oriented centrally and axially within the conductive means so that an axial, non-toroidal arc occurs within the envelope but does not attach to its interior walls, thereby enhancing the life of the lamp.
The conductive means can be formed in a helical or spiral configuration
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Exercise Devices 
