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Gas-tight, sealed metal oxide/hydrogen storage battery
| Details |
Inventors: Kohler, Uwe; Simon, Gerhard; Hofmann, Gunter;
Assignee: Varta Batterie Aktiengesellschaft (Hanover, DE)
Primary Examiner: McFarlane; Anthony
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Weiser & Stapler
In a metal oxide/hydrogen storage battery, preferably formed as a coiled cell or as a button cell, having a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and an intermediate separator, the oxidation-sensitive negative electrode is protected against diffusing oxygen by a metallic covering of the electrode's metal hydride particles, and the oxygen reduction necessary for gas-tight operation is transferred to an auxiliary electrode which is arranged outside of the ionic path between the positive and negative electrodes. Metals with high solubility for hydrogen, such as Pd, Ni and Cu, are suitable as the covering material. The auxiliary electrode is formed as a film based on a mixture of activated carbon, a PTFE binder and conducting graphite, and is either laminated onto the negative metal hydride electrode or is spatially separated from the main electrodes, depending upon the cell's overall construction. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to provide a storage battery of the type previously mentioned in which the negative electrode is more effectively protected from the corrosive effects of oxygen.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a storage battery of this general type, wherein the necessary reduction of oxygen is achieved by simple and straightforward means.
These and other objects are achieved in accordance with the present invention by providing a gas-tight sealed metal oxide/hydrogen storage battery having a positive metal oxide electrode, a negative hydrogen electrode, and a separator arranged between the positive and negative electrodes and containing an alkaline electrolyte, with improved means for the catalytic recombination of oxygen developed at the positive electrode in the event of overcharging.
To this end, for the protection of the negative electrode against the flow of oxygen, the metal hydride particles are provided with a covering made of a metal which has a low affinity for oxygen, but which has a high absorbency relative to hydrogen, and the means employed for maintaining an effective consumption of oxygen are positioned outside of the ionic path between the positive and the negative electrodes, but in electrically conducting contact with the negative electrode.
Accordingly, the essence of the invention is that the negative electrode is effectively shielded against the access of oxygen, and the reduction of oxygen takes place to the extent possible in outer regions of the electrode arrangement (group), or at least on peripheral portions of the negative electrode.
For further detail regarding a metal oxide/hydrogen storage battery produced according to the present invention, reference is made to the detailed description which is provided below, taken in conjunction with the following illustrations.
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