DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION All diabetics, regardless of their genetic and environmental backgrounds, have in common an apparent lack of insulin or inadequate insulin function.
Because transfer of glucose from the blood into muscle and fatty tissue is insulin dependent, diabetics lack the ability to utilize glucose adequately, which leads to undesired accumulation of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia).
Chronic hyperglycemia leads to decrease in insulin secretion and contributes to increased insulin resistance, and as a result, the blood glucose concentration is increased so that diabetes is self-exacerbated (Diabetologia, 1985, "Hyperglycaemia as an inducer as well as a consequence of impaired isle cell function and insulin resistance: implications for the management of diabetes", Vol.
28, p.
119); Diabetes Cares, 1990, Vol.
13, No.
6, "Glucose Toxicity", pp.
610 630).
Therefore, by treating hyperglycemia, the aforementioned self-exacerbating cycle is interrupted so that the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes is made possible.
U.
S.
Pat.
No.
6,153,632 to R.
Rieveley discloses a method and composition stated to be for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (Type I, Impaired Glucose Tolerance ["IGT"] and Type II), which incorporates a therapeutic amount of one or more insulin sensitizers along with one or more of an orally ingested insulin, an injected insulin, a sulfonylurea, a biguanide or an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
According to one aspect, the invention features the combination of a PPAR modulator, preferably a PPAR .
delta.
agonist, and an SGLT inhibitor, preferably an SGLT 2 inhibitor or a selective SGLT 2 inhibitor.
A.
Terms Some terms are defined below and by their usage throughout this disclosure.
Unless otherwise noted, "alkyl" and "alkoxy" as used herein, whether used alone or as part of a substituent group, include straight, cyclic, and branched-chain alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or any number within this range.
For example, alkyl radicals include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, 2-butenyl, 2-butynyl, n-pentyl, 3-(2-methyl)butyl, 2-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, 2-hexyl and 2-methylpentyl
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Gene Therapy 
