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Home Graphic Cards Complex-analog-waveform-generator

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 Complex analog waveform generator

Details
Inventors: Fabricius, Wayne Nixon;
Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated (Murray Hill, NJ)
Primary Examiner: Ruggiero; Joseph F.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Moran; John F.

A signal generator digitally synthesizes a complex analog signal which has a frequency domain representation including a precise low-frequency offset for each spectral component. The complex analog signal is particularly adapted to increase the accuracy and reliability of a conventional ratio measurement technique. This ratio measurement technique provides a single number rating which is the comprehensive measure of the fidelity of a transmission channel. The complex analog signal is thoroughly compensated for a number of effects. The transfer response of filters and fundamental sources of spectral distortion inherent to digital synthesis, such as aperture effect and quantizing distortion, are items for which compensation is provided. The signal generator has complementary circuitry which conveniently assists to provide desirable odd half-wave symmetry in the analog signal and reduces by one-half the number of stored code words from which the signal is derived.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION In FIG.
1, a signal generator 10 is connected via a transmission channel 21 to a signal receiver 22.
Signal generator 10 comprises a clock 11 connected to a divider chain 12 which produces a 9-bit signal for a signal memory 13.
Additional information concerning divider chain 12 will be discussed hereinafter in connection with FIG.
2.
The 9-bit signal addresses signal memory 13 to gain access to code words contained therein which are indicative of quantized samples of the analog signal being generated.
These code words are applied to converter 14 which comprises gating network 16 and D/A (digital-to-analog) decoder 17.
Converter 14 produces an analog step signal which is a quantized version of the analog signal being generated.
Lowpass filter 18 receives the quantized version of the analog signal and serves to remove the step effect or sharp transitions from the output of converter 14.
The smoothed output of filter 18 is applied to attenuator 19 which serves to adjust the amplitude of the analog signal for transmission through channel 21.
For the sake of convenience, the signal from filter 18, which is applied to channel 21, will be referred to as the line signal.
The line signal after transmission is applied to receiver 22 wherein the signal passes through serially connected AGC (automatic gain control) circuit 23 and bandpass filter 24 to ratio circuit 26.
AGC circuit 23 receives a full-wave rectified average version of the signal applied to ratio circuit 26.
AGC circuit 23 adjusts its gain so that the amplitude of the signal from ratio circuit 26 corresponds to a predetermined value.
Filter 24 shapes the spectral response of receiver 22 and serves to reject out-of-band signals from application to ratio circuit 26.
Ratio circuit 26 performs a ratio measurement to provide a digital indication of P/AR (peak-to-average ratio) which is computed by ##EQU1## where E (peak) = normalized peak value of the envelope of the analog pulse signal.
E (fwa) = normalized full-wave rectified average value of the envelope of the analog pulse signal



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