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Picking function for a pipeline graphics system using hierarchical graphics structures
| Details |
Inventors: Ebbers, Timothy J.; Gibbons, Daniel G.; Li, David W.; Liang, Bob C.; Tannenbaum, David C.;
Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation (Armonk, NY)
Primary Examiner: Nguyen; Phu K.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Walker; Mark S., Kinnaman, Jr.; William A.
A graphics display system picking function tracks machine states of pickable primitive operators through the use of a pick stack and machine state memory. The pick stack operates as a stack when accessed by pipeline processors. Pipeline processors can add an element to the stack or remove elements from the stack as structures are processed. Selection or picking of an object causes a graphics control processor to randomly access the pick stack to determine the attributes of a picked primitive. The machine state memory is implemented as a video RAM allowing rapid copying of rows containing machine states for various structure levels in the hierarchy. A first area of the machine state memory stores the states relating to the structures in the hierarchy as they are executed. A second area retains an abbreviated state description for each pickable primitive while a final area contains abbreviated machine state information for picked objects to be echoed by the system. The pick stack and machine state memories operate together to provide rapid pick identification, picked primitive machine state identification, and picked primitive echoing. The use of separate picked primitive echo machine storage allows drawing of the picked primitives without a complete re-traversal of the displayed list. This also results in reduced processing time. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A graphics system employing the present invention is shown in FIG.
1.
Graphics control processor 100 is responsible for executing a graphics program residing in system memory 102.
A graphics control processor is mainly concerned with the generation of an image to display on display device 108.
The graphics control processor 100 performs the control functions including decoding graphic structure elements and executing non-drawing structure elements.
The decoded orders are passed to the graphics pipeline processors 104.
The graphics pipeline processors perform transformation, clipping, and mapping to screen coordinates of the graphics data.
For example, in three dimensional interactive graphics used in computer aided design (CAD), each geometric primitive, such as vectors, programmable characters, fixed characters, and polygons, undergo transformation, clipping, and mapping.
Transformation includes the processes of rotation, translation, scaling, shearing or some combination, typically performed using matrix multiplication.
The transformed object is then clipped by a clipping volume representing the visible area of the object.
The clipped object is mapped to the viewport on the screen.
Finally, a drawing processor generates the pixels in video pixel memory 106 necessary to represent the final drawn object.
Video pixel memory 106 holds the generated image for display on the monitor.
In the preferred embodiment, video pixel memory 106 consists of 24 bit planes each having 1280.
times.
1024 pixels and supporting 16 million simultaneous colors through color lookup tables.
As described above, picking is the process of communicating an operator selection to the system.
Input/Output (I/O) devices such as a cursor, or stylus and tablet, are connected to the graphics processor through I/O interface 114.
I/O interface 114 communicates the relative position of the operator selection device to the graphics pipeline processor 104 and pick detection logic 110
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Graphic Cards 
