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| Unitary chassis for television receivers with two circuit boards and method of manufacture |
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| Segmented curved screen construction for preserving a predefined curvature |
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| Thermoplastic resin composition |
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| Projection screen |
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Pulse damper
| Details |
Inventors: Boehme, Detlef R.;
Assignee: Varian Associates, Inc. (Palo Alto, CA)
Primary Examiner: Adee; John
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cole; Stanley Z., Sgarbossa; Peter J., Nishimura; Keiichi
A pulse damper for use in high-pressure liquid pumping applications such as liquid chromatography comprises a length of flattened polytetrafluoroethylene tubing that can be coupled to the high-pressure liquid flow line. The flattened tubing is enclosed within a liquid-tight housing structure completely filled with a compressible liquid, and the end of the tubing are coupled to the high-pressure flow line by fittings mounted inside the housing structure. When a transient pressure variation occurs in the flow line, the cross-section of the tubing changes from a flattened elliptical configuration to a more rounded configuration as the pressure pulse temporarily overcomes the stresses that tend to maintain the tubing in its flattened configuration. The restoring force of the compressible liquid in the housing structure surrounding the tubing prevents expansion of the tubing beyond a desired limit during a pulse, so that the tubing cannot burst when its cross-sectional configuration changes. The overall length of the tubing, related to the volume and compressibility of the compressible liquid, the highest anticipated pulse pressure in the flow line, and the pre-determined maximum change to be allowed in the average cross-sectional area of the tubing, is generally much greater than the length of the housing structure, and hence the tubing is folded or coiled within the housing structure. Dissipation of the transient energy of a pulse in compressing the liquid in the housing structure effectively damps the pulse. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION I claim: 1.
In a liquid chromatography system comprising a reciprocating pump, a chromatographic column, a flow line connecting said pump to said column for delivering fluid from said pump to said column, and a pulse damper coupled into said flow line for damping high pressure pulsations in said flow line, said pulse damper comprising: a flexible tubular member in series with said flow line; a liquid-tight housing structure surrounding said tubular member, said structure being completely filled with a compressible liquid; said tubular member having a first flattened non-circular cross-sectional configuration in the absencr of said pulsations, said member being capable, upon occurrence of a high pressure pulsation, of assuming a second cross-sectional configuration of area greater than said first configuration of area greater than said first configuration, with the circumference of said tubular member experiencing minimal expansion; said tubular member in said second cross-sectional configuration displacing an additional differential displacement volume dV as compared to the original volume displaced by said member in said first configuration; the volume V and compressibility X of said compressible liquid being related to said differential volume dV such that dV/XV is greater than the highest anticipated pressure change in said flow line; whereby said tubular member accommodates high pressure fluid pulsations without risk of bursting, sustaining only minimal circumferential expansion, and whereby the energy of said high pressure pulses is stored primarily as a compressive force in said liquid, to effect said damping.
2.
The liquid chromatography system of claim 1 wherein said pulse damper further comprises means for coupling said tubular member to said flow line, said coupling means comprising a coupling structure at each end of said housing structure, each coupling structure having a portion projecting into said housing structure, said projecting portion having a bore therethrough to permit passage of flow line liquid through said coupling structure, each end of said tubular member being connected within said housing structure to said projecting portion of a respective one of said coupling structure
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