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| Percutaneous transmyocardial revascularization marking system |
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| Selective treatment of endocardial/myocardial boundary |
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| Surgical handpiece with self-sealing switch assembly |
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| Graft anchor |
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| Selective photodynamic treatment |
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| Reciprocating linear motor |
| OF THE INVENTION Refer now to the drawings and, in particular, to FIG. 1 which illustrates an ... |
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Artificial heart pump
| Details |
Inventors: Carol, Mark P.; Carol, David J.;
Assignee:
Primary Examiner: Crowder; Clifford D.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: O'Brien; Clarence A., Jacobson; Harvey B.
The pump comprises two separate pumping units, one each for the systemic and pulmonary circulation systems. Each pumping unit has an outer housing enclosing a cylindrical pumping chamber. Two radially extending vanes are contained within each chamber and divide the chamber into two separate subchambers, the relative size of which varies as the vanes rotate through the pumping cycle. Pumping action is achieved when one of the vanes is held stationary while the other vane rotates. This causes one subchamber to decrease in size. This subchamber is disposed over an outlet port and the blood is forced out of that subchamber. The other subchamber is increasing in size and is disposed over an inlet port. Blood enters this inlet chamber both in a passive manner and through the suction caused by the increasing size of the subchamber. A sensor is positioned near the inlet port and measures the volume of blood entering through this port. The sensor is electrically connected to the motor which operates the pump vanes and regulates the motor speed to insure that the volumetric output of the pump is equal to the volumetric input. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The human body can be thought of as containing two separate circulations: a right or pulmonary circulation and a left or systemic circulation.
These two circuits are intricately connected and interdependent, but due to the nature of human circulation, each requires its own pumping device.
Also, since the amount of space in the chest cavity for implantation of an artificial device is limited, it becomes desirable to power both of these pumps with the same drive system.
Furthermore, the drive system must conform to the characteristics of the human dual circulation system, the output requirements of which vary continuously with time.
Thus, a viable pumping system must be capable of sensing changes in output requirements and must be capable of varying its output so as to keep pace with these changes.
In addition, although the pump outputs into the left and right circulations are identical over any short period of time, the instantaneous output of the two circulations at any particular point in time will not necessarily be the same.
Therefore, each pump must be able to sense and vary its output independent of the actions of the other pump.
An additional problem relates to the characteristics of the fluid, viz.
blood which is to be used in the pump.
When blood comes into contact with a rough or foreign surface, it clots.
If the clots formed happen to break loose and enter into the systemic circulation, the results could be tragic.
In order to prevent or minimize as much as possible these complications, it is necessary to provide a pump mechanism which includes smooth contact surfaces, reduces the presence of recesses or crypts and incorporates a vane motion which insures adequate washing of all pump surfaces.
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide an artificial heart pump which uses two parallel, cylindrical pump chambers with each chamber having a pair of radially extending rotatable pump vanes which are individually, intermittently operated by a single drive motor with the speed of rotation of each vane being individually adjustable in accordance with the volume of blood entering the pump chamber in which that vane is located
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