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Cardiac bypass catheter system and method of use
| Details |
Inventors: Coleman, Ronald; Kadan, Jeffrey S.; Gotha, Frederick; Peacock, III, James C.;
Assignee: Advanced International Technologies, Inc. (Redondo Beach, CA)
Primary Examiner: Weiss; John G.
Assistant Examiner: O; Ki Yong
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Gotha; Frederick, Peacock, III; James C.
A medical device assembly is adapted to isolate the heart from systemic circulation while perfusing oxygenated blood to the systemic arterial circulation during a minimally invasive bypass procedure. The assembly includes an arterial catheter with an external shunt valve which forms an anchor to secure the distal end portion within the aortic arch and which also forms a funnel which shunts antegrade aortic blood flow from the aortic root, into a distal flow port and through an internal flow lumen in the catheter, out an intermediate flow port along the catheter proximally of the anchor, and into the systemic arterial circulation. A distal internal valve is further provided within the internal flow lumen between the distal and intermediate flow ports. The distal internal valve selectively occludes the shunted antegrade aortic blood flow between the distal flow port and the intermediate flow port and isolates the left heart chambers from the systemic arterial circulation. Oxygenated blood may then flow from a cardiopulmonary bypass pump, distally through the internal flow lumen, out the intermediate port. The assembly also includes a venous catheter which aspirates venous blood from the vena cavae and into the cardiopulmonary bypass pump while substantially isolating the right heart chambers from the vena cavae and without circumferentially engaging the internal walls of the vena cavae. Distal and intermediate external valves are positioned along the venous catheter within the superior and inferior vena cava, respectively, and between the sinus venarum into the right atrium and either a distal or intermediate flow port, also respectively. The flow ports communicate with a cardiopulmonary bypass pump through at least one flow lumen through the catheter. Each external valve is adjustable to have an outer diameter which is slightly less than the inner diameter of the respective vena cava so that venous blood is substantially occluded from flowing into the sinus venarum and is instead aspirated into the adjacent flow port. A leakage port may also be provided between the distal and intermediate flow ports. The venous catheter may alternatively include an external valve with a valve member which is adjustable from a first radial position at a discrete location around the catheter's circumference to a radially displaced position within the right atrium. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention is a minimally invasive bypass system which includes an arterial catheter and a venous catheter, each catheter being adapted to couple with a cardiopulmonary bypass pump in order to provide systemic circulation of oxygenated blood while the heart is isolated from the systemic circulation in a substantially bloodless field.
The arterial catheter is adapted to wean a patient onto and off of cardiac bypass by using an external shunt valve in combination with internal valves within an internal flow lumen.
The external and internal valves of the arterial catheter selectively allow for either: (1) antegrade perfusion of blood flow from a beating heart, proximally through the flow lumen, past an external shunt valve in a closed position within the aorta, out of ports located along the catheter proximally of the external shunt valve, and into the systemic arterial circulation; or (2) active perfusion of oxygenated blood from a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, distally through the flow lumen, and into systemic circulation also through ports located along the catheter proximally of the external shunt valve.
The venous catheter is adapted to isolate the right ventricle from venous blood flow and to aspirate the venous blood from the vena cavae without circumferentially engaging the vena cavae with an expanded balloon.
One mode of the invention is a medical device assembly which is adapted for selectively shunting an antegrade flow of blood from an aortic root in an aorta of an animal and into a proximal region of the aorta which is located proximally of the aortic root.
The assembly according to this mode includes an elongate body with a flow lumen which extends between a distal flow port, located on the body's distal end portion, and an intermediate flow port located along the elongate body proximally of the distal flow port.
In one aspect of this mode, an external shunt valve is located along distal end portion between the distal and intermediate flow ports
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Heart Surgery 
