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Method and apparatus for video data compression using temporally adaptive motion interpolation
| Details |
Inventors: Lee, Jungwoo; Dickinson, Bradley W.;
Assignee: BTG USA Inc. (Gulph Mills, PA)
Primary Examiner: Chin; Tommy P.
Assistant Examiner: Le; Vu
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Watov & Kipnes, P.C.
In a system for compressing video data, temporally adaptive motion interpolation based upon temporal characteristics of human vision is used for establishing threshold levels relative to the degree of motion as a whole (global motion) between frames. The global motion between successive frames in a group of pictures (GOP) is measured to determine if the motion is less or greater than the established threshold levels for determining the designation of I, P, and B frames, spacing between I and P reference frames, and the number of bits used for each frame, and B frames therebetween. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION One object of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for video compression.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for motion compensated interpolation coding for video compression, which is compatible with present video coding standards.
In one embodiment of the invention, temporal segmentation is used to dynamically adapt motion interpolation structures for video compression.
Temporal variation of the input video signal is used for adjusting the interval between reference frames.
The bit rate control for the dynamic group of pictures (GOP) structure is based upon the temporal masking in human vision.
In a preferred embodiment, the spacing between reference frames is based upon different temporal distance measurements, through use of an algorithm for temporally adaptive motion interpolation (TAMI).
These and other embodiments of the invention are summarized in greater detail in the following paragraphs.
Instead of rigidly locating reference frames within a GOP as in a conventional MPEG system, their location and the number of bits used depends in this invention on the amount of global motion between frames.
Global motion as used in the invention, is defined as the motion between frames as a whole, and it can be measured in a number of known ways such as the difference of histogram, the histogram of difference, block histogram difference, block variance difference, and motion compensation error.
In the following description, frames corresponding to I, P, and B frames of the MPEG are designated as I1, P1, and B1 frames.
If there is no frame in a GOP where the global motion between it and the I1 or first frame exceeds an empirically determined value, T.
sub.
0, all of the remaining frames are of the B Type and are derived from the I1 frame of that GOP and the I1 of the next GOP.
Thus no P1 type frame is used and many bits are saved, in this embodiment of the invention.
Should the global motion between a frame and a previous reference frame exceed T
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I/O Systems 
