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Method and apparatus for personnel detection and tracking
| Details |
Inventors: Darrell, Trevor; Gordon, Gaile; Harville, Michael; Woodfill, John; Baker, Harlyn;
Assignee: Interval Research Corporation (Palo Alto, CA)
Primary Examiner: Mehta; Bhavesh
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Van Pelt & Yi LLP
Techniques from computer vision and computer graphics are combined to robustly track a target (e.g., a user) and perform a function based upon the image and/or the identity attributed to the target's face. Three primary modules are used to track a user's head: depth estimation, color segmentation, and pattern classification. The combination of these three techniques allows for robust performance despite unknown background, crowded conditions, and rapidly changing pose or expression of the user. Each of the modules can also provide an identity classification module with valuable information so that the identity of a user can be estimated. With an estimate of the position of a target in 3-D and the target's identity, applications such as individualized computer programs or graphics techniques to distort and/or morph the shape or apparent material properties of the user's face can be performed. The system can track and respond to a user's face in real-time using completely passive and non-invasive techniques. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention provides a multi-modal visual person detection and tracking framework which also has the capability to identify persons over various periods of time.
Through the use of depth, color and pattern tracking, images of one or more people in a scene can be tracked in real time in a variety of general conditions, with good results.
A first module receives stereo image data from cameras and generates a disparity image, preferably through the use of the census algorithm, and locates one or more target regions in the disparity image by a connected components grouping analysis.
A second module classifies and tracks each target region through color segmentation.
A third module distinguishes and tracks individual facial features located within the target regions, based on grayscale patterns.
Each module is able to be utilized individually or in combination with one or more of the other individual modules to locate and track the targets.
In a particular embodiment of the present invention, each module also computes a mode specific description of a user.
The mode specific information is combined in a fourth module which estimates the identity of a person whose image has been detected, based upon a database of previously recognized targets.
Once the identity of a person is estimated, real-time applications specific to the identified target can be implemented.
This feature is also used to increase the robustness of the short-term tracking of an individual.
Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system which discriminates between faces and the background scene, and then tracks the faces in real-time.
In addition to the determination of actual facial characteristics, the individual face is able to be identified.
The identification of the face allows for execution of an application (i.
e.
, a computer program) according to the identification of an individual from among a set of recent users.
Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a real time virtual mirror comprising a detector which detects, tracks, and identifies faces in real time
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Image Analysis 
