 Twisted nematic liquid crystal display device |
| The present invention relates to a twisted nematic liquid crystal display device comprising a first ... |
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| Complex spatial modulator |
| What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for effecting both amplitude and phase spatial modulation of a ... |
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| Active phase and amplitude modulator |
| These and other objects are obtained by replacing the variable resistor-reflective hybrid ... |
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| Projection display apparatus |
| The present invention is directed in view of the above respects towards a projection display ... |
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| Spatial light modulator with full complex light modulation capability |
| A method for full complex light modulation is described. Full complex light modulation allows the ... |
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| Differential amplifiers |
| It is an object of the present invention to provide a differential amplifier in which this ... |
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| Holograms in photorefractive materials |
| OF DRAWINGS Referring now more particularly to the drawing, like numerals indicate like pars and ... |
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| Liquid crystal light shutter |
| The present invention is therefore intended to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and the ... |
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2,3-difluorobenzene derivatives
| Details |
Inventors: Reiffenrath, Volker; Krause, Joachim; Wachtler, Andreas; Weber, Georg; Geelhaar, Thomas;
Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung (Darmstadt, DE)
Primary Examiner: Stoll; Robert L.
Assistant Examiner: Harris; C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Millen, White, Zelano & Branigan
Derivatives of difluorobenzene of the formula I R.sup.1 --(--A.sup.o --).sub.m --Z.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --Z.sup.2 --A.sup.2 --R.sup.2 I wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.o, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and m have the meaning indicated in patent claim 1, their preparation and their use as components of liquid-crystal media. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION We claim: 1.
A compound having a 2,3-difluorophenylene group of the formula ##STR8## wherein R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2 independently of one another are each alkyl having 1-15 C atoms or alkenyl having 3-15 C atoms, wherein a CH.
sub.
2 group can be replaced by --O--, --CO--, --O--CO--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--O--; ##STR9## is 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; ##STR10## is 1,4-cyclohexylene wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.
sub.
2 groups can be replaced by --O-- or 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by fluorine and in which one or two CH groups can be replaced by N; Z.
sup.
1 is --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --CH.
sub.
2 O--, or --OCH.
sub.
2 --; and Z.
sup.
2 is --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --CH.
sub.
2 O--, --OCH.
sub.
1 --, or --CH.
sub.
2 CH.
sub.
2 --.
2.
A compound according to claim 1, wherein Z.
sup.
1 is --CH.
sub.
2 --O--, --O--CH.
sub.
2 --, or --O--CO-- and Z.
sup.
2 is --CH.
sub.
2 CH.
sub.
2 --, --CH.
sub.
2 O--, --OCH.
sub.
2 --, or --CO--O--.
3.
A compound according to claim 1, wherein Z.
sup.
2 is --CO--O-- or --O--CO--.
4.
A compound according to claim 1, wherein R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2, independently of one another, are each linear alkyl or alkoxy, in each case having 1 to 15 C atoms.
5.
In a liquid-crystal medium containing at least two liquid-crystal compounds, the improvement wherein at least one of said components is a compound according to claim 1.
6.
In a liquid-crystal display element containing a liquid-crystal medium, the improvement where said medium is a medium according to claim 5.
7.
In an electrooptical display element containing a dielectric, the improvement wherein said dielectric is a liquid-crystal medium according to claim 5.
8.
A display according to claim 7, wherein said display is an ECB-type and R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2, each independently, have 1-7 C atoms.
9.
A display according to claim 7, wherein said display is a display based on SSFLC technology and R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2, each independently, have 7-15 C atoms.
10.
A medium according to claim 5, wherein said medium exhibits a chirally tilted smectic phase
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