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Electron beam addressed liquid crystal light valve
| Details |
Inventors: Grinberg, Jan; Koda, Nobuo J.; Reif, Phillip G.; Bleha, Jr., William P.; Welkowsky, Murray S.; Ledebuhr, Arno G.;
Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Los Angeles, CA)
Primary Examiner: Miller; Stanley D.
Assistant Examiner: Gallivan; Richard F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Denson-Low; Wanda K., Karambelas; A. W.
An electron beam addressed crystal light valve (LCLV) produces an AC voltage across a liquid crystal layer from a single polarity electron beam, and exhibits very high resolution. A mirror and a thin layer of partially conductive material are deposited on a support membrane on the electron beam side of the liquid crystal. The partially conductive layer is divided into a series of pixel elements by a conductive matrix which faces the electron beam. Electrons from the beam are absorbed by the partially conductive layer to establish a negative voltage across the liquid crystal, and then flow out to the conductive matrix to produce an AC voltage prior to the next electron beam scan. The conductive matrix is connected in circuit with a transparent electrode which provides a voltage reference on the readout side of the liquid crystal. The elements of the device are designed with electrical parameters that produce a discharge rate from the partially conductive layer fast enough to complete an AC cycle between successive electron beam scans, but slow enough for the liquid crystal to respond and produce an image. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG.
1, a modified form of an LCLV is shown which provides a high resolution display of an electron beam scan pattern.
A CRT is represented as an electron beam generator 2 and a pair of deflection plates 4 which cause the beam 6 to scan in a raster pattern.
An additional pair of plates would also be provided to control the beam scan into and out of the page.
The beam current is typically in the approximate range of 10 microamps to 1 milliamp.
The LCLV includes a layer of liquid crystal 8 which is enclosed in a cell formed by insulating films 10 and 10a on either side to facilitate the liquid crystal alignment and to provide chemical isolation, and spacers 12 and 12a which maintain a suitable gap between insulating films 10 and 10a and prevent liquid crystal 8 from escaping.
The left side of the LCLV is referred to as the "readout" side, since an optical readout beam 14a is directed onto the valve from this side and is reflected as an output beam 14b after it has been modulated in accordance with the electron beam pattern.
A transparent cover plate 16, preferably made form glass, covers and protects the left hand side of the device.
A transparent electrode 18, preferably formed from tinindium oxide, is coated on the inner face of cover plate 16.
This electrode provides a reference for the voltage established across the liquid crystal, as described below.
A mirror 20 is provided on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell from the readout beam.
This mirror receives the readout beam, and reflects it back again through the liquid crystal.
It can be implemented with a conventional wide band, high reflectivity dielectric mirror.
This is in contrast to many light valves, which employ a photoconductive layer; these require the mirror to have a modified dielectric, since the mirror is required to absorb almost all of the readout light which is not reflected so as to avoid rendering the photoconductive layer conductive.
The present light valve, however, does not employ a photoconductive layer, and therefore the mirror can be much simpler
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