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Liquid crystal display device using uniaxial birefringent films for improving viewing angle
| Details |
Inventors: Akatsuka, Minoru; Sohda, Yuji; Sawada, Kazutoshi;
Assignee: Asahi Glass Company Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
Primary Examiner: Sikes; William L.
Assistant Examiner: Duong; Tai V.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Oblon, Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt
The liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal layer of a nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and including a chiral material, the liquid crystal layer being interposed between a pair of substrates with transparent electrodes each having an aligning layer which are arranged substantially in parallel to provide a twist angle of 160.degree.-300.degree., a driving means to apply a voltage across the electrodes attached to the substrates which interpose the liquid crystal layer, a pair of polarizing plates arranged outside the liquid crystal layer, and at least one birefringent plate provided between the liquid crystal layer and the polarizing plate at at least one side of the liquid crystal layer, wherein the product .DELTA.n.sub.1 .multidot.d, of the anisotropy of refractive index .DELTA.n, of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and the thickness d, of the liquid crystal layer is in a range of 0.4-1.5 .mu.m, and three main refractive indices n.sub.x, n.sub.y and n.sub.z of the birefringent plate are in a relation of n.sub.x .gtoreq.n.sub.z >n.sub.y where n.sub.x and n.sub.y respectively represent the refractive indices in the direction of film plane of the birefringent plate (provided n.sub.x >n.sub.y) and n.sub.z represents the refractive index in the direction of film thickness of the birefringent plate. |
|
DETAILED DESCRIPTION We claim: 1.
A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer of a nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and including a chiral material, said liquid crystal layer being interposed between a pair of substrates with transparent electrodes each having an aligning layer which are arranged substantially in parallel to provide a twist angle of 160.
degree.
-300.
degree.
, a driving means to apply a voltage across the electrodes attached to the substrates which interpose the liquid crystal layer, a pair of polarizing plates arranged outside the liquid crystal layer, and plural birefringent plates provided between the liquid crystal layer and the polarizing plate at one side or both sides of said liquid crystal layer, characterized in that the product .
DELTA.
n.
sub.
1 .
multidot.
d.
sub.
1 of the anisotropy of refractive index .
DELTA.
n.
sub.
1 of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and the thickness d.
sub.
1 of the liquid crystal layer is in a range of 0.
4-1.
5 .
mu.
m, said plural birefringent plates comprises at least one uniaxial birefringent plate having an optical axis in its film plane to provide a relation of n.
sub.
x1 >n.
sub.
y1 =n.
sub.
z1 wherein n.
sub.
x1, n.
sub.
y1, n.
sub.
z1 represent three main refractive indices of the birefringent plate wherein n.
sub.
x1 and n.
sub.
y1 respectively represent the refractive indices in the directions of film plane of the birefringent plate (provided n.
sub.
x1 >n.
sub.
y1) and n.
sub.
z1 represents the refractive index in the direction of film thickness of the birefringent plate, and at least one uniaxial birefringent plate having an optical axis in the direction of film thickness to provide a relation of n.
sub.
z2 >n.
sub.
x2 =n.
sub.
y2 wherein n.
sub.
x2, n.
sub.
y2, n.
sub.
z2 represent three main refractive indices of the uniaxial birefringent plate wherein n.
sub.
x2 and n.
sub.
y2 respectively represent the refractive indices in the directions of film plane of the birefringent plate (provided n.
sub.
x2 =n
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