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Liquid crystal element
| Details |
Inventors: Aoki, Takao; Harada, Takamasa; Ito, Kokichi; Iwasa, Koji; Kawabe, Norio; Ikeuchi, Hiroyuki;
Assignee: Toray Industries, Inc. (Tokyo, JP); Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
Primary Examiner: Thomas; Alexander S.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Birch, Stewart, Kolasch & Birch
Disclosed is a liquid crystal element with an improved orientation layer and a coating composition for forming such an orientation layer. The orientation layer consists essentially of a polymer with a Mark-Houwink coefficient of not less than 0.85, the Mark-Houwink coefficient being represented by the formula [I]: [.eta.]=K.multidot.M.sup..alpha. [I] wherein [.eta.] represents intrinsic viscosity of the polymer determined by solution viscosity measuring method, K represents a constant, M represents molecular weight of the polymer, and .alpha. represents the Mark-Houwink coefficient. The coating composition comprises a polyfumaric acid ester represented by the formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, are the same or different and each represents a straight or branched alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, haloalkyl group, silalkyl group or siloxanylalkyl group; and a halogen-containing organic solvent. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal element with an improved orientation which aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a high degree of alignment and which, in turn, gives a high contrast ratio and quick response characteristics to the liquid crystal element.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition which may be used for forming the above-mentioned improved orientation layer of a liquid crystal element.
The liquid crystal element of the present invention has a pair of substrates secured by a sealing material to face each other to define a chamber therebetween, an orientation layer formed on the inner side of each of the substrates and liquid crystal contained in the chamber.
The orientation layer used in the liquid crystal element of the present invention consists essentially of a polymer with a Mark-Houwink coefficient of not less than 0.
85 in at least one solvent.
The Mark-Houwink coefficient is expressed by the formula [I]: [.
eta.
]=K.
multidot.
M.
sup.
.
alpha.
[I] wherein [.
eta.
] represents intrinsic viscosity of the polymer determined by solution viscosity measuring method, K represents a constant, M represents molecular weight of the polymer, and .
alpha.
represents the Mark-Houwink coefficient.
This invention further provides a liquid crystal element comprising a pair of substrates secured by a sealing material so as to face each other to define a chamber therebetween; an orientation layer formed on the inner side of each of the substrates, which consists essentially of a polyfumaric acid ester represented by the formula [II]: ##STR2## wherein R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2 are the same or different and each represents a straight or branched alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, haloalkyl group, silalkyl group or siloxanylalkyl group; and a liquid crystal contained therein.
This invention still further provides a coating composition which may be used for forming the orientation layer of the liquid crystal element
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