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Pyrolysis furnace
| Details |
Inventors: Stephens, Thomas M.; Takahashi, Yoshihiro;
Assignee: Envirotech Corporation (Menlo Park, CA)
Primary Examiner: Reese; Robert M.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Krebs; Robert E., MacDonald; Thomas S.
A furnace assembly for use in a chemical analysis system utilizing high-temperature pyrolytic techniques includes a refractory tube which defines a heated chamber wherein samples are pyrolyzed, inlet and outlet cap members mounted on opposite ends of the refractory tube, a cylindrical heating assembly which spacedly surrounds the refractory tube, and a frame which fixedly supports both the refractory tube and the heating assembly in a vertical orientation. The frame includes a stationary mounting plate and at least two rod-like members which fixedly extend in parallel downward from the stationary plate on opposite sides of the heating assembly. The heating assembly is fixed to the rods and a springy plate member is fixedly connected between the rods to provide a support upon which the outlet cap member rests and to press upwardly against the refractory tube when the same elongates during heating so that the upper and lower cap members are forceably sealed against the respective ends of the refractory tube. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The furnace assembly according to our invention includes a straight, vertically-disposed refractory tube 11 of generally circular cross-section which defines a chamber wherein liquid or solid samples are pyrolyzed.
The upper and lower ends of the refractory tube have squared edges and those ends are sealingly closed by end caps 12a and 12b, respectively, which will be described in detail later herein.
The refractory tube 11 can be made from materials such as ceramic, glass, quartz or from metals or metallic compounds with high melting points; in practice, we usually use alumina.
Above the refractory tube is a stationary plate 13 whereon is mounted a sampling device, not shown, for ejecting aliquot samples downwardly into the refractory tube via an inlet conduit 17 that is in sealed communication with the upper end cap 12a of the refractory tube 11.
The sample injection device may, for example, comprise a valve as shown in U.
S.
Pat.
No.
3,864,978 to Thomas M.
Stephens.
Spacedly surrounding the refractory tube 11 is a heating assembly 21 of generally cylindrical configuration.
In sealed communication with the lower end cap 12b is an outlet conduit 24 through which pyrolyzed gases and vapors are discharged from the refractory tube 11.
Mounted concentrically within the upper end of the refractory tube 11 is a short open-ended tubular member 67 made of a material such as Hastaloy which has relatively poor heat conducting characteristics.
The purpose of this member, which becomes very hot when the furnace is in operation, is to assure the vaporization of any sample materials which contact it.
Disposed within the refractory tube 11 at a substantial distance below the lower end of the tubular member 67 is a catalytic bed or packing 69 which is constructed of a compacted fibrous or granular material essentially chemically inert to oxygen and steam.
"Essentially chemically inert" means the material adopts an essentially constant chemical consistency upon exposure to steam and oxygen, at an elevated combustion supporting temperature, except that it is contemplated herein that the surface of such material may adsorb or desorb gases such as oxygen
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Lighting 
