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Compositions and processes for removing, separating and concentrating desired ions from solutions using sulfur and aralkyl nitrogen containing ligands bonded to inorganic supports
| Details |
Inventors: Bruening, Ronald L.; Tarbet, Bryon J.; Izatt, Reed M.; Bradshaw, Jerald S.;
Assignee: Brigham Young University (Provo, UT)
Primary Examiner: Garvin; Patrick P.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Thorpe, North & Western
A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Pd(II), Pt(IV), Pt(II), Pd(IV), Ru(III), Ru(II), Au(III), Os(IV), Au(I), Cu(I), Cu(II), Ag(I), and Hg(II) from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand portion of the compound. The process is useful in removing desired or unwanted ions from Rh and Ir concentrates, acidic waste streams, multiple platinum group metal refining streams, and other industrial or environmental streams. The invention is also drawn to the thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligands covalently bonded through a spacer grouping to a hydrophilic inorganic solid support material. The preferred aralkyl group is benzyl. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As summarized above, the present invention is drawn to novel thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon ligands covalently bound through a spacer to a silicon moiety and further attached to a solid matrix or support, to form the compounds of Formula 1.
The invention is also drawn to the concentration and removal of certain desired ions such as Pd.
sup.
4+, Pd.
sup.
2+, Pt.
sup.
4+, Pt.
sup.
2+, Ru.
sup.
2+, Ru.
sup.
3+, Os.
sup.
4+, Au.
sup.
3+, Au.
sup.
+, Ag.
sup.
+, Cu.
sup.
2+, Cu.
sup.
+, and Hg.
sup.
2+ from other ions.
For example, effective methods of recovery and/or separation of metal ions from other metal ions, such as (1) the small amounts of Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Os, Cu, and/or Ru from Rh and/or Ir concentrates; (2) separation of Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, and/or Ru from solutions containing large amounts of base metals; and (3) separation of Cu and/or Hg as toxic wastes from acidic solutions represent a real need for which there are no feasible and established procedures or for which more economical processes are desired.
Such solutions from which such ions are to be concentrated and/or recovered are referred to herein as "source solutions.
" In many instances the concentration of desired ions in the source solutions will be much less than the concentration of other or undesired ions from which they are to be separated.
The concentration of desired ions is accomplished by forming a complex of the desired ions with a compound shown in Formula 1 by flowing a source solution containing the desired ions through a column packed with a Formula 1 compound to attract and bind the desired ions to the ligand portion of such compound and subsequently breaking the ligand compound-complex by flowing a receiving liquid in much smaller volume than the volume of source solution passed through the column to remove and concentrate the desired ions in the receiving liquid solution.
The receiving liquid or recovery solution forms a stronger complex with the desired ions than does the ligand portion of a Formula 1 compound and thus the desired ions are quantitatively stripped from the ligand in concentrated form in the receiving solution
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Liquid Purification 
