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Flotation apparatus for clarifying produced water
| Details |
Inventors: Broussard, Sr., Paul C.; Broussard, Jr., Paul C.;
Assignee:
Primary Examiner: Lithgow; Thomas M.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mier; Greg R., Lemaine; Joseph L., Lambert; Jesse D.
A dissolved gas flotation apparatus and process for removing oils and other contaminants from produced water generated in the production of crude petroleum and natural gas. The invention is particularly designed for offshore applications, where space is limited and natural gas is readily available. The invention includes a vessel for receiving and maintaining a liquid level therein and a circulating pump for introducing tiny flotation gas bubbles into the vessel. Natural gas is used as a blanket gas for the vessel and as a source of gas fed into the pump, wherein the gas is mixed with the pumped liquid. The liquid/gas mixture is transferred into the vessel, wherein the gas releases from the liquid, thereby forming tiny, finely dispersed gas bubbles. The tiny gas bubbles rise vertically through the vessel and attach themselves to the oil and other contaminants suspended in the liquid and buoyantly transport the oil and other contaminants to the top of the vessel, where the gas is released and either recycled back to the recirculating pump or transferred out of the vessel for further processing, and the oil and other contaminants are collected in a reservoir for recovery. The clarified water is removed from the vessel through a liquid outlet line located near the bottom of the vessel. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention solves the problems unresolved by the prior art by using system gas to provide a compact apparatus for effectively and efficiently separating oils, solids, and other insoluble and/or suspended substances from produced water so as to enable reuse of the clarified produced water or to allow discharge of the clarified produced water into the environment.
Briefly, the present invention includes a vessel for receiving and maintaining a liquid level therein.
Several process lines allow for the flow of materials in and out of the vessel, including a produced water inlet line, which supplies the vessel with produced water having oils, solids, and other insoluble and/or suspended substances (generally referred to as "oils and other contaminants"), and a gas supply line, which supplies a source of gas into the vapor space of the vessel.
A circulating pump provides a means for introducing tiny flotation gas bubbles into the vessel, and is preferably the type described in U.
S.
Pat.
No.
5,591,001, issued on Jan.
7, 1997, to Robert B.
Ray, et al.
During operation of the pump, liquid is drawn into the pump and mixed with gas received from the vapor space of the vessel.
The liquid and gas are mixed in the chamber of the pump and then discharged from the pump, whereupon the gas dissolves into the liquid after being subjected to the discharge pressure of the pump.
The liquid containing the dissolved gas is pumped into the vessel, where the liquid is uniformly distributed over a horizontal plane area preferably below the liquid level contained within the vessel.
As the liquid is dispersed into the vessel, the dissolved gas effervescently releases from the liquid, thereby forming tiny, finely dispersed gas bubbles.
The tiny gas bubbles rise vertically through the produced water inside the vessel and attach themselves to the oils and other contaminants suspended in the liquid.
Once attached, the gas bubbles reduce the density of the oils and other contaminants causing them to be buoyantly transported to the top of the liquid level in the vessel, where the gas bubbles "pop," thereby releasing the oils and other contaminants
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