 Analysis of liquid streams using tubing with protuberances on its inner wall |
| In accordance with the invention, tubing (or a fiber) with protuberances, with or without ion ... |
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| Electrodeionization apparatus |
| The present invention provides a method and apparatus capable of continuously producing water of up ... |
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| Method of and apparatus for chromatographic analysis |
| To effect these objects, the present invention provides a novel ion-chromotography system for ... |
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| Depletion compartment and spacer construction for electrodeionization apparatus |
| The present invention provides a spacer for a depleting compartment of an electrodeionization ... |
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| Apparatus for determination of microconstituents |
| OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Turning to FIG. 2, tanks 11a and 11b are used, respectively, for storing ... |
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| Modified membrane suppressor and method for use |
| OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The system of the present invention is useful for determining a large ... |
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| Aqueous carbon dioxide monitor |
| The present invention solves the aforementioned problems by providing a method and apparatus for ... |
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| Ion chromatography system using electrochemical suppression and detector effluent recycle |
| In accordance with the invention, apparatus and methods are provided for streamlining and lowering ... |
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| Process and device for demineralizing aqueous solutions using ion exchangers |
| It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to provide a process and apparatus for ... |
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Tangentially fed upflow sand filter method and apparatus
| Details |
Inventors: Smith, Carl K.;
Assignee: Midcon Pipeline Equipment Co. (Houston, TX)
Primary Examiner: Hart; Charles N.
Assistant Examiner: Therkorn; Ernest G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fox, Jr.; Carl B.
Methods and apparatus for purifying water by filtration, according to which water is passed in an upward direction through one or more sand beds supported in towers, at a slow rate of flow so that the sand bed is not disturbed. The sand bed or layer is relatively deep vertically to provide superior filtration. Raw water feed to each tower is accomplished by tangential flow from the inlets. Rapid backwash of the sand bed is accomplished by opening a dump valve at the lower end of a cone provided at the base of the tower in which the sand bed is supported. Maintenance and control of bacterial activity in the lower part of the sand bed enhances purification of the water by bacterial action. Chemical treatments of the water may be used in conjuction with the filtration, including treatments with chlorine, and with alum (i.e. aluminum sulphate and/or potassium or ammonium alum) to produce a floc, and barium sulphate and/or a drilling mud may be added to assist in removal of the floc by filtration. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION I claim: 1.
Method for purifying water, comprising introducing water tangentially into a water introduction zone immediately beneath the bottom of a sand bed of circular horizontal cross section to uniformly distribute the water beneath the sand bed and to throw relatively larger solids from the introduced water toward the sides of said zone, maintaining a body of water in a space beneath said zone which is maintained in swirling motion by the introduced water and through which said relatively larger solids settle while being continuously thrown outwardly by said swirling motion, passing water upwardly from said zone through said sand bed at a uniform upward speed of about six inches per minute, passing the water exiting from the top of the sand bed upwardly through a settling chamber above the sand bed to remove any suspended sand particles therefrom, and withdrawing purified water from the upper portion of said settling chamber.
2.
Method according to claim 1, including stopping introduction of water to said zone, and rapidly draining the water from said space, and draining the water from said zone and sand bed and settling chamber through said space to backwash said sandbed and to flush said relatively larger solids from said space, and then closing said space against further drainage therefrom and resuming introduction of water to said zone.
3.
Method according to claim 2, including clarifying said water drained from and through said space by settling solid materials therefrom, and returning the clarified water to said zone.
4.
Method according to claim 2, including controlling the level of aerobic bacteria in said sand bed and in said receptacle.
5.
Method according to claim 4, said sand bed being supported in a vertical tower having said space within a conical bottom having a relatively large valve at its lower end.
6.
Method according to claim 1, including passing the water withdrawn from said settling chamber to beneath a second sand bed having a said zone and space therebeneath and a said settling chamber thereabove, and passing the water upwardly through the second sand bed in the manner described and withdrawing further purified water from the upper portion of the settling chamber above said second sand bed
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Liquid Purification 
