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Plural frequency patch antenna assembly
| Details |
Inventors: Shapiro, Sanford S.; Witte, Robert A.;
Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Los Angeles, CA)
Primary Examiner: Wimer; Michael C.
Assistant Examiner: Le; Hoanganh
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mitchell Steven M., Westerlund; Robert A., Denson-Low; Wanda K.
A microstrip patch antenna assembly (20, 52, 106) is formed of a patch radiator (24, 58) and a feed structure (26, 64) of microstrip feed elements (48, 50, 66, 68) disposed on opposite sides of a ground-plane element (22, 54) and spaced apart therefrom by layers (28, 30, 72, 74) of dielectric material. A single slot (108) or a pair of orthogonally positioned slots (44, 46, 82, 84) within the ground-plane element couples linearly or circularly polarized microwave power from the feed structure to the patch radiator. Additional radiators (60, 62) may be stacked above the foregoing radiator, the radiators being separated by further layers (76, 78) of dielectric material. A plurality of square-shaped raidators (58, 60, 62) may be employed for multiple-frequency operation in which case the radiator size and the thickness of dielectric material between the radiator and the ground-plane element establish a resonant frequency. A single radiator (24) of rectangular shape may be employed for radiation at dual frequencies wherein short and long edges of the radiator are each equal to one-half of the respective wavelengths in the dielectric material. An array (124) of the antenna assemblies can be constructed in monolithic form for development of a steerable beam of electromagnetic radiation. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIGS.
1-6 show various embodiments of a microstrip match antenna, each of which is operable at a plurality of frequencies and which may be employed in the construction of an array antenna disclosed in FIG.
8.
In each embodiment of the invention, there is a radiator spaced apart from a ground plane by a dielectric layer, an arrangement which is convenient for the construction of the array antenna wherein the ground-plane element is shared as a common ground plane among a plurality of antenna elements.
With respect to embodiments of the invention employing a plurality of radiating elements arranged in a stack and spaced apart by dielectric layers, each of these antennas is suitable for use as an antenna element in the array antenna wherein the various dielectric layers extend transversely through each of the antenna elements, and wherein individual levels of the stacked radiators of the antenna elements are embedded between contiguous layers of the dielectric.
A description of each of the antenna embodiments is presented now in further detail.
With reference to FIGS.
1 and 2, there is shown an antenna 20 constructed in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the antenna 20 comprising a planar ground element 22, a radiator 24 in the form of a planar metallic sheet disposed parallel to the ground element 22, a microstrip feed 26 disposed parallel to the ground element 22 and located on a side thereof opposite the radiator 24, a first dielectric layer 28 of suitable electrically-insulating dielectric material disposed between and contiguous to the ground element 22 and the feed 26, and a second dielectric layer of suitable electrically-insulating dielectric material disposed between and contiguous to the ground element 22 and the radiator 24.
The radiator 24 has a rectangular shape, and is bounded by two opposed long sides 32 and 34 and two opposed short sides 36, and 38 which join with the long sides 32 and 34 to form four corners 40 of the radiator 24.
Electromagnetic power to be radiated from the antenna 20 is applied to the antenna 20 by the feed 26, and coupled from the feed 26 to the radiator 24, via a slot assembly 42 comprising two slots 44 and 46 formed within and passing completely through the ground element 22
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MEMS 
