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Nitrogen-methane separation process and system
| Details |
Inventors: Yearout, James D.;
Assignee:
Primary Examiner: Yudkoff; Norman
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Geldin; Max
Method and system designed particularly for separating or removing nitrogen from mixtures of nitrogen and methane, particularly natural gas, over a wide range of nitrogen concentrations, employing low temperature rectification, for recovery of methane containing a substantially reduced amount of nitrogen, either as a gas or a liquid, including the features of regenerative heat exchange to cool the feed mixture to near its saturation point, prior to introduction into a fractionating column, by-passing a small stream of the feed around the regenerative heat exchanger as a means of controlling feed temperature and reboil heat in the column, passing the overhead nitrogen gas from the column in indirect heat exchange relation with the rectifying section of the column to generate reflux continuously along the separation zone, work expansion of the nitrogen waste stream to provide necessary refrigeration, providing downflow evaporation of the liquid product within the column in the case of gas producing plants, and sub-cooling the bottoms liquid product prior to evaporation of the product in the case of a gas producing plant, or prior to isentropic expansion to liquid storage in the case of a liquid producing plant. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION What is claimed is: 1.
A process for the separation of nitrogen from a mixture of gases consisting essentially of a low boiling hydrocarbon and nitrogen, which comprises cooling said mixture of gases as feed at a pressure substantially below the critical pressure of said mixture, by regenerative heat exchange to a temperature near the saturation point of said mixture, introducing said feed into a fractionating column containing a single fractionation zone operating at a pressure substantilly the same as the pressure of said feed mixture, effecting a separation of said mixture in said column into a nitrogen fraction and a hydrocarbon fraction, withdrawing nitrogen as overhead from said column, work expanding the overhead nitrogen and further cooling same, recycling said expanding and cooled nitrogen in heat exchange relation along the upper portion of said column to provide refrigeration therefor, passing said exiting nitrogen in heat exchange relation with said feed to provide said regenerative cooling of said feed, withdrawing said low boiling hydrocarbon as liquid from the lower portion of said column, flashing at least a portion of said withdrawn liquid hydrocarbon to reduce the temperature thereof, passing said portion of said cooled flashed hydrocarbon in downflow indirect heat exchange relation along the lower portion of the rectifying section of said column to vaporize said hydrocarbon, effecting a non-adiabatic differential distillation in said column, and withdrawing hydrocarbon as product, and including by-passing a minor portion of the feed prior to cooling thereof by regenerative heat exchange, and passing said by-passed portion of said feed in heat exchange relation with the stripping section of said column, and introducing the resulting cooled minor portion of the feed into said fractionating column.
2.
The process as defined in claim 1, including initially passing the feed gas mixture into refrigerated methanol for removal of CO.
sub.
2 from said feed mixture by absorption of said CO
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Manufacturing Materials 
