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Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface
| Details |
Inventors: Petrenko, Victor;
Assignee: The Trustees of Dartmouth College (Hanover, NH)
Primary Examiner: Hoang; Tu
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Lathrop & Gage, L.C.
Systems and methods for thermally modifying an ice-to-object interface. One system includes a power supply configured to generate a magnitude of power. The magnitude of the power is sufficient to melt an interfacial layer of ice at the interface; typically the interfacial layer has a thickness in a range one micron to one millimeter. A controller may be used to limit the duration in which power supply generates the magnitude of the power, to limit unneeded heat energy dissipation into the environment. Modulating the pulsed heating energy to the interface modifies a coefficient of friction between the object and the ice. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following commonly owned patents and patent applications provide useful background and are thus incorporated herein by reference: U.
S.
Pat.
No.
6,027,075; U.
S.
Pat.
No.
6,427,946; PCT application PCT/US99/25124, filed 26 Oct.
1999; PCT application PCT/US99/28330, filed 30 Nov.
1999; PCT application PCT/US02/01858, filed 22 Jan.
2002; PCT application PCT/US00/35529, filed 28 Dec.
2000; U.
S.
patent application Ser.
No.
09/971,287, filed on 4 Oct.
2001; and U.
S.
patent application Ser.
No.
09/970,555, filed on 4 Oct.
2001.
In one aspect, a pulse de-icer system heats an interface to a surface of an object so as to disrupt adhesion of ice and/or snow (as used herein, ice and/or snow may sometimes be denoted as "ice") with the surface.
To reduce the energy requirement, one embodiment of a pulse de-icer explores a very low speed of heat propagation in non-metallic solid materials, including ice and snow, and applies heating power to the interface for time sufficiently short for the heat to escape far from the interface zone; accordingly, most of the heat is used to heat and melt only very thin layer of ice (hereinafter "interfacial ice").
The system includes a power supply configured to generate a magnitude of power.
In one aspect, the magnitude of the power has a substantially inverse-proportional relationship to a magnitude of energy used to melt ice at the interface.
The pulse de-icer system may also include a controller configured to limit a duration in which the power supply generates the magnitude of the power.
In one aspect, the duration has a substantially inverse-proportional relationship to a square of the magnitude of the power.
The power supply may further include a switching power supply capable of pulsing voltage.
The pulsed voltage may be supplied by a storage device, such as a battery or a capacitor.
The battery or capacitor can, thus, be used to supply power to a heating element that is in thermal communication with the interface.
Optionally, the pulsed voltage may be directly applied to a heating element so as to disrupt the adhesion of ice at the surface
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Manufacturing Materials 
