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Torque transfer apparatus
| Details |
Inventors: Bouligny, Jr., Vernon J.; Sibille, Mark S.;
Assignee: Franks Casing Crew and Rental Tools, Inc. (Lafayette, LA)
Primary Examiner: Meislin; D. S.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Matthews and Associates
An apparatus for making up or breaking out of two members having mating threaded connections, such as pipe joints or bolts for avoiding undesirable transverse forces relative to the two members during tightening (or loosening), thereby insuring the connection is made up (or broken out) by essentially pure torque loads. The apparatus includes a power-driven lead tong, a back-up tong, a load cell which cooperates with either tong to produce a torque measurement and an interconnecting frame and isolation apparatus which eliminates transverse forces relative to the two threaded members. The power-driven lead tong rotatingly drives the first threaded member about its axis either clockwise or counterclockwise, as required. The back-up tong secures the second threaded member against axial rotation in response to the rotation of the first member. The interconnecting frame and isolation apparatus adapts the lead tong to the back-up tong in such a manner that their relative tendencies to rotate about the threaded members, in opposite directions, counteract each other. Also, by means of interconnecting members and isolation apparatus allowing relative movement along x, y and z axis between the lead tong and the back-up tong, but which does not allow relative rotation about the z axis, the interconnecting frame prevents undesirable transverse forces from occurring, between the lead tong and the back-up tong in response to the driving torque of the lead tong. Further, by means of said interconnecting members and isolation apparatus, the interconnecting means eliminates transverse forces which would otherwise develop because of irregularities of the threaded members (such as bent members or eccentric lead). A load cell cooperating with the isolation apparatus, internally disposed in the interconnecting frame, cooperates between the isolation apparatus and the tong housing to produce a torque measurement without inducing transverse forces on the threaded members. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The improved combined tong apparatus for assembling and disassembling members having mating threaded connections, according to the present invention, is characterized by a lead tong, a backup tong, and a means for interconnecting the lead tong to the back-up tong in such a manner that no single, unpaired forces, but rather only "couples" (paired forces of equal magnitude, but opposite direction) are created by the interconnecting means; and, a load cell which cooperates, in either tong, between a pivoting, internal moment arm and the tong housing to produce a torque measurement.
When the lead tong is operated, its driving torque tends to cause the lead tongs to rotate about the threaded member in the direction opposite to the driving torque.
Since the back-up tong firmly grasps one of the threaded members, said driving torque also tends to cause the back-up tong to rotate in the same direction as the driving torque.
By interconnecting the lead tong body to the back-up tong body, each tong's relative tendency to rotate about the threaded member.
Therefore, the assembly does not require extraneous means for securing it in place, such as snubbing lines.
The back-up tongs are adapted to the lead tongs by means of an interconnecting structure, torsionally rigid, but which allows three dimensional linear movement between the tongs.
By being torsionally rigid, but slidable linearly, in the directions indicated, the interconnecting frame is therefore not capable (within all normal operating limits) of transferring any net lateral force vectors between the two tong bodies, but rather resolves all such force vectors to "couples" external to the threaded member.
By using only "couples" (the equivalent of "pure torque") to secure each tong from rotation about the pipe axis, there is no tendency for tongs to impose lateral forces on the pipe during tightening (or loosening).
Either tong is equipped with a pivoting torque arm which cooperates with the tong housing and a load cell to produce a torque measurement
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Metal Working 
