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Alpha-amylases from Bacillus subtilis
| Details |
Inventors: Mitsugi, Koji; Kobayashi, Nobuo; Shida, Toshiro; Yokokawa, Yasunori;
Assignee: Ajinomoto Co., Inc. (Tokyo, JA)
Primary Examiner: Naff; David M.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Berman; Hans
Alpha-amylases which have optimum activity between pH 6.5 to 8 and between pH 9.0 to 11.5 at 40.degree. C are produced by culturing strains of Bacillus subtilis on a nutrient medium under aerobic conditions. Some of the alpha amylases are effective in hot and alkaline detergent solutions containing chelating agents. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION What we claim is: 1.
Microbial .
alpha.
-amylase having optimum amyloltyic acitivity at 40.
degree.
C and at a pH value between 9.
0 and 11.
5.
2.
.
alpha.
-Amylase as set forth in claim 1, having said optimum activity at a pH value of at least 10.
0.
3.
.
alpha.
-Amylase as set forth in claim 1, having said optimum activity at a pH value between 10.
0 and 10.
7.
4.
.
alpha.
-Amylase as set forth in claim 1, having said optimum activity at a pH value of approximately 9.
0.
5.
A method of producing an .
alpha.
-amylase as defined in claim 1, which comprises culturing a bacterium of the species Bacillus subtilis capable of producing alkaline amylase on an aqueous nutrient medium containing assimilable sources of carbon and nitrogen, inorganic salts, and minor organic nutrients at a pH between 8.
0 and 10.
5, until said .
alpha.
-amylase accumulates in said medium, and recovering the accumulated .
alpha.
-amylase.
6.
A method as set forth in claim 5, wherein said bacterium is Bacillus substilis FERM P-660, FERM P-661 or FERM P-376.
Description:
This invention relates to novel amylases and to the preparation thereof by bacteria.
Various amylases have been isolated from animal and plant bodies since Kohn and Ohlsson's work of the nineteen-twenties, and some of the amylases are used industrially.
All known amylases are effective in acidic or neutral media, and an amylase effective in an alkaline medium has never been known.
It has now been found that .
alpha.
-amylases effective in neutral and alkaline media can be produced by culturing bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus on a nutrient medium under aerobic conditions.
Amylases which can be obtained according to the present invention include neutral .
alpha.
-amylases of optimum amylolytic activity at 40.
degree.
C.
at a pH between 6.
5 and 8, and alkaline .
alpha.
-amylases whose optimum pH is between 9.
0 and 11.
5 at 40.
degree.
C.
Bacteria which produce these new types of amylases include Bacillus subtilis AJ-3249, Bacillus subtilis AJ-3250 (FERM P-374), Bacillus subtilis AJ-3252 (FERM P-375), Bacillus subtilis AJ-3255 (FERM P-376), Bacillus subtilis AJ-3298 (FERM P-660) and Bacillus subtilis AJ-3299 (FERM P-661)
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Molecular Biology 
