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Direct fermentation of D-xylose to ethanol by a xylose-fermenting yeast mutant
| Details |
Inventors: Gong, Cheng-Shung;
Assignee: Purdue Research Foundation (West Lafayette, IN)
Primary Examiner: Yoncoskie; Robert A.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cushman, Darby & Cushman
A process for obtaining ethanol directly from D-xylose through fermentation of D-xylose by xylose-fermenting yeast mutants. The process provides for obtaining ethanol from hemicellulose hydrolyzates through yeast fermentation of D-xylose to ethanol. Furthermore, the process also provides for obtaining ethanol from a mixture of cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolyzates through yeast fermentation of D-glucose and D-xylose directly and simultaneously to ethanol. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention provides a process for producing ethanol from either D-xylose or D-xylose containing hemicellulose hydrolyzates or plant material hydrolyzates by fermentation which comprises inoculating D-xylose-fermenting yeast mutants capable of producing ethanol from D-xylose in over 80% yield.
Moreover, the present invention also relates to inoculating same yeast mutants capable of producing ethanol from glucose containing hydrolyzates and also from D-xylose containing hydrolyzates by fermenting both glucose and xylose, simultaneously.
The product ethanol and yeast cells are then separated.
The following discussion demonstrates the process of this invention wherein D-xylose and plant hydrolyzates are used as the starting fermentation substrates.
I.
Production of Ethanol from D-xylose As one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for producing ethanol in a yield of over 80% of theoretical value by aerobic or anaerobic fermentation of D-xylose by xylose fermenting yeast mutants.
In carrying out such a process according to the present invention, yeast mutants that are created through either mutation mutagens (e.
g.
, chemical or physical) may be employed.
Also included within the scope of the "mutants" of the present invention are those obtained by protoplast fusions or recombinant DNA techniques.
These mutation mutagens and the like are obtained from a parent strains which have a limited ability in their unmutated state to ferment D-xylose to ethanol.
For example Candida diddensii, Candida utilis, Candida tropicalis, Candida subtropicalis, Pachysolen tannophilus, Saccharomyces diastaticus, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and Torula candida and other D-xylose utilizing yeasts may be used as parent strains for the isolation of mutants through chemical, physical biological mutation.
Hybrid formation and DNA recombination techniques may also be employed.
A preferred method for obtaining the desired mutant strain involves initially isolating (randomly) a single colony of the parent strain which is then subjected to ultra-violet (uv) radiation to induce mutation
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Molecular Biology 
