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Achromatic optical system including diffractive optical element
| Details |
Inventors: Feldman, Michael R.; Kolste, Bob T.; Wlech, W. Hudson; Yang, Hedong;
Assignee: University of North Carolina (Charlotte, NC)
Primary Examiner: Henry; Jon W.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bell, Seltzer, Park & Gibson
An aromatic optical system that preferably includes a light source for emitting light therefrom, an achromatic optical element positioned to receive light emitted from the light source, and an optical detector positioned to receive and detect light passing through the optical element. The achromatic optical element preferably includes a substrate having opposing sides, a first computer generated hologram positioned on one side of the substrate and adapted to receive light emitted from the light source, and a second computer generated hologram positionally aligned on the opposite side of the substrate and adapted to receive light passing through the substrate from the first hologram at a predetermined location thereon. A method of forming an achromatic diffractive optical element is also provided which includes the steps of determining a first data set comprising a plurality of discrete phase values and discrete transition values and selecting from the first data set phase values and transition values to form a second data set for defining first and second holograms. A discrete value of the second data set is then replaced by another discrete value from the first data set. A change of an optical system error function is then determined responsive to the replacement in the second data set. If the error function is reduced, the new data set is retained. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown.
This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the illustrated embodiments set forth herein; rather, the embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
For clarity, the thickness of layers have been exaggerated.
Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
FIG.
1 is a schematic view of an achromatic optical system 20 according to the present invention.
The optical system 20 preferably has a light source 25, shown in the form of a laser diode, for emitting light L therefrom, an achromatic diffractive optical element 40 positioned to receive light L emitted from the light source 25, and an optical detector 30 positioned to receive and detect light L passing through the optical element 40.
The achromatic diffractive optical element 40 preferably includes a substrate 41 having opposing sides 41a, 41b, a first hologram 43, preferably a computer generated hologram ("CGH"), positioned on one side 41a of the substrate 41 and adapted to receive light L emitted from the light source 25, and a second hologram 45, preferably a CGH, positioned on the opposite side 41b of the substrate 41 and positionally aligned with the first hologram 43.
The second hologram 45 is adapted to receive light L which passes through the substrate 41 from the first hologram 43 at a predetermined location thereon.
FIG.
1 further illustrates a first wavelength .
lambda.
.
sub.
1 of light L from the light source 25 being transmitted through the achromatic diffractive optical element 40 with a first shading pattern and a second wavelength .
lambda.
.
sub.
2 from the light source 25 being transmitted through the achromatic diffractive optical element 40 with a second shading pattern
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