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Asymmetrical dyes with large two-photon absorption cross-sections
| Details |
Inventors: Reinhardt, Bruce A.; Bhatt, Jayprakash C.; Brott, Lawrence L.; Clarson, Stephen J.;
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air (Washington, DC)
Primary Examiner: Rotman; Alan L.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bricker; Charles E., Kundert; Thomas L.
A two-photon absorbing chromophore of the formula D--Ar--A wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## D is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and A is selected from the group consisting of ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl groups having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION We claim: 1.
A two-photon absorbing chromophore of the formula D--Ar--A wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of ##STR7## D is selected from the group consisting of ##STR8## and A is selected from the group consisting of ##STR9## wherein R.
sub.
1 and R.
sub.
2 are alkyl groups having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and wherein R.
sub.
1 and R.
sub.
2 are the same or different.
2.
The compound of claim 1 wherein Ar is ##STR10## wherein R.
sub.
1 and R.
sub.
2 are n-decyl, D is ##STR11## and A is ##STR12##
Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In ordinary fluorescence microscopy, defocused images outside the depth of focus are superimposed on an image formed on the focal plane.
This globally lowers the contrast of microscopic image, which makes determination of fluorescence intensity difficult.
Confocal microscopy offers several advantages over conventional microscopy.
The shallow depth of field, generally about 0.
5 to 1.
5 .
mu.
m, of confocal microscopes allows information to be collected from a well defined optical section rather than from most of the specimen as in conventional light microscopy.
Consequently, out-of-focus fluorescence is virtually eliminated, which results in an increase in contrast, clarity and detection.
In a point scanning confocal system, the microscope lens focus the laser light on one point in the specimen at a time, i.
e.
, the focal point.
The laser moves rapidly from point to point to produce a scanned image.
Very little of the laser light falls on other points in the focal plane.
Both fluorescent and reflected light from the sample pass back through the microscope.
The microscope and the optics of the scanner compartment focus the fluorescent light emitted from the focal point to a secont point, called the confocal point.
A pinhole aperature, located at the confocal point, allows light from the focal point to pass through to a detector.
Light emitted from outside the focal point is rejected by the aperature.
Accordingly, only the image near the focal plane inside the sample is obtained as a microscopic image
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Optical Systems 
