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| Christmas tree ornament with photo display |
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| Waveguide and method of manufacturing same |
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Paper coating composition of unsaturated acid and mono-olefin polymerized in the presence of a preformed styrene/butadiene latex
| Details |
Inventors: Kawamura, Takayuki; Tazaki, Kichiya; Sakakiyama, Takashi; Hasegawa, Toshio;
Assignee: Asahi-Dow Limited (Tokyo, JP)
Primary Examiner: Cannon; James C.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Guffey; J. B., Boone; J. S.
Paper coating compositions having an improved combination of properties are prepared by admixing, in the normal proportions and by conventional techniques, one or more conventional paper coating pigments with a particular type of synthetic polymer latex. In such compositions, the particular latex employed is alkali-sensitive and is prepared by emulsion polymerizing (A) from about 10 to about 90 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising, based upon the weight of such monomer mixture, (1) from about 10 to about 60 weight percent of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and (2) from about 40 to about 90 weight percent of a copolymerizable monoolefin compound in the presence of (B) from about 10 to about 90 parts by weight, on a polymer solids basis, of a copolymer latex comprising a monovinylidene aromatic monomer such as styrene and an open-chain aliphatic conjugated diene such as butadiene. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The paper coating compositions of the present invention employ as a binder component therein a particular type of alkali-sensitive synthetic copolymer latex which is prepared by emulsion polymerizing a certain comonomer charge (i.
e.
, a comonomer charge of a type which--when copolymerized alone--forms an alkali-swellable or alkali-soluble copolymer) in the presence of a preformed copolymer latex comprising, in polymerized form, a monovinylidene aromatic monomer, an open-chain aliphatic conjugated diene and optionally, but preferably, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer.
By the term"monovinylidene aromatic monomer", it is intended to include those monomers wherein a substituent of the formula ##STR1## (wherein R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl such as an alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms) is attached directly to an aromatic nucleus containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, including those wherein the aromatic nucleus is substituted with alkyl or halogen substituents.
Typical of these monomers are styrene, .
alpha.
-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta-, and para-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta- and para-ethylstyrene, o,p-dimethylstyrene, o,p-diethylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, o-methyl-p-isopropylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene, p-bromostyrene, o,p-dichlorostyrene, o,p-dibromostyrene, vinylnaphthalene, diverse vinyl (alkyl naphthalenes) and vinyl (halonaphthalenes), and comonomeric mixtures thereof.
Because of considerations such as cost, availability, ease of use, etc.
, styrene and vinyltoluene are preferred and styrene is especially preferred as the monovinylidene aromatic monomer.
The amount of such monovinylidene aromatic monomer employed in the aforementioned preformed latex is not particularly critical.
However, as a general rule, such monomer typically constitutes from about 10 to about 90 (preferably from about 25 to about 70 and most preferably 35 to about 65) weight percent of the aforementioned preformed copolymer latex which is employed in the practice of this invention
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