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Polymer composite material
| Details |
Inventors: Takayanagi, Motowo; Kajiyama, Tisato;
Assignee: Takayanagi; Motowo (Fukuoka, JP); Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Osaka, JP)
Primary Examiner: Herbert, Jr.; Thomas J.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn and Macpeak
A polymer composite material which comprises a first rigid polymeric material composed substantially of rigid molecular chains having an average chain length of 50 A or more, and a second polymeric material composed substantially of flexible molecular chains, wherein said first rigid polymeric material is present in an amount of 20% or less based on the total weight of polymeric material in said composite and said first material is uniformly dispersed in said second polymeric material in a microscopic region of 1 .mu.m or less. |
|
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In more detail, though the rigidity of the polymeric reinforcing material is a primary characteristic of the present invention, it cannot be easily defined at the present level of the macromolecular science.
However, various parameters have been proposed in the art as indications of rigidity and straightness of a polymeric chain.
One such indicator is the Mark-Houwink index (.
alpha.
), which is defined by formula (1): [.
eta.
]=KM.
sup.
.
alpha.
(1) wherein [.
eta.
] is the limited viscosity number, M is molecular weight and K is constant.
In this case, though (.
alpha.
) depends somewhat on the measurement condition, if it exceeds 1.
0, the polymer is regarded as having a rigidity suitable for the present invention through the result of various studies.
A second indicator for rigidity is the conformation parameter (.
sigma.
).
The conformation parameter (.
sigma.
) is an inherent parameter of the macromolecule, which is defined by formula (2): .
sigma.
=<r.
sub.
o.
sup.
2 >.
sup.
1/2 /<r.
sub.
of.
sup.
2 >.
sup.
1/2(2) wherein <r.
sub.
o.
sup.
2 > is the unperturbed mean-square end-to-end distance of the molecule, and <r.
sub.
of.
sup.
2 > is the mean-square end-to-end distance of the freely rotating chain which is a hypothetical state of the chain.
In such state, the bond angle restrictions are retained, but the steric hindrances to internal rotation are released.
Also, it has been found in the present invention that polymeric reinforcing material is suitable when the conformation parameter (.
sigma.
) is more than 3.
The conformation parameter and the Mark-Houwink parameter are defined in more detail in Polymer Handbook, 2nd Ed.
, Brandrup, J.
, Immergut, E.
H.
, page IV-1, John Wiley & Sons, N.
Y.
(1975).
Examples of the (.
alpha.
) and (.
sigma.
) of various polymeric materials are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Conformation Parameter (.
sigma.
) and Mark-Houwink
Index (.
alpha.
) of Various Polymeric Materials (1)
Polymeric Material
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Optical Systems 
