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Polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel with diffraction grating
| Details |
Inventors: Omae, Hideki; Takahara, Hirosi; Tanaka, Takaaki;
Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (Osaka, JP)
Primary Examiner: Sikes; William L.
Assistant Examiner: Parker; Kenneth
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack
A layer having an irregular sectional surface is formed on the surface of at least one of a pixel electrode and confronting electrode of a liquid crystal layer so as to confront a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is formed of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal. If the layer having an irregular sectional surface is formed in a convex and concave pattern regularly and cyclically, the thus formed layer serves as a diffraction grating. When the liquid crystal is in an OFF condition, the refractive index n of the diffraction grating is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer. As a result, an incident light to the liquid crystal panel is scattered and at the same time, diffracted. When the liquid crystal in in an ON condition, there is no difference in the refractive index between the diffraction grating and the liquid crystal, and the incident light passes straight through. Using the liquid crystal panel as a light valve, the light from a light source is incident to the liquid crystal panel, and the image formed on the liquid crystal panel is projected through a projection lens onto a screen. In the case of a black display, the incident light is scattered or diffracted in the liquid crystal panel according to the projected image. The scattered or diffracted light is stopped by a light shielding part of a aperture, and thus does not arrive at the screen. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION An object of this invention is to provide a liquid crystal panel capable of realizing high luminance display and contrast, and a liquid crystal projection apparatus using the liquid crystal panel.
In order to attain the above-mentioned object, a liquid crystal panel of this invention comprises: a first substrate and second substrate which confront each other and at least one of which is transmissible to light; electrode layers respectively formed on the confronting surfaces of said first and second substrates; a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer sandwiched between said first and second substrates, and a layer having an irregular sectional surface formed on the surface of an electrode provided on at least one of said first and second substrates.
Also, a liquid crystal projection apparatus of this invention comprises said liquid crystal panel, light emitting means, a first optical component member for guiding a light emitted from said light emitting means to said liquid crystal panel, and a second optical component member for projecting the modulated light by said liquid crystal panel.
More particularly, said layer having an irregular sectional surface is formed of a light transmissible material having a refractive index equal to or nearly equal to the refractive index n.
sub.
p, of the polymer.
The refractive index of the light transmissible material is expressed as n.
sub.
t, the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal is expressed as n.
sub.
o, the extraorindary light refractive index of the liquid crystal is expressed as n.
sub.
c and n.
sub.
p =n.
sub.
o.
When the liquid crystal panel is in the OFF condition, the refractive index n.
sub.
x of the liquid crystal layer on a total basis can be expressed macroscopically as a combined one of the refractive index n.
sub.
p of the polymer, and refractive indexes n.
sub.
o and n.
sub.
c of the liquid crystal.
The refractive index n.
sub.
t of the layer having an irregular sectional surface is different from the total refractive index n
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Optical Systems 
