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Computerized tomographic scanner having a toroidal x-ray tube with a stationary annular anode and a rotating cathode assembly
| Details |
Inventors: Burke, James E.; Miller, Lester; Mattson, Rodney A.; Brunnett, Carl J.; Resnick, Theodore A.;
Assignee: Picker International, Inc. (Highland Hts., OH)
Primary Examiner: Porta; David P.
Assistant Examiner: Chu; Kim-Kwok
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fay, Sharpe, Beall, Fagan, Minnich & McKee
A toroidal x-ray tube (I) is supported (II) for rotation about a horizontal axis (170), translation along a vertical axis (172), and translation along a horizontal axis (174). The x-ray tube includes a toroidal housing (A), an annular anode (B), and a cathode (0) which rotates a beam of electrons around the annular anode. A plurality of parallel connected voltage sources (90.sub.1, 90.sub.2, . . . , 90.sub.n) provide a sufficiently high bias voltage between the electron source and the anode that x-rays are generated. The x-ray beam passes through a compensator crystal (62), an annular window (20), a collimator (132), through a subject received in a central bore (26) of the x-ray tube, and impacts an arc segment of radiation detectors (130). The x-ray detectors are stationarily mounted outside of the plane of the annular window (FIGS. 2 and 7), nutate into the plane of the windows opposite of the origin of the x-ray beam (FIG. 6 ), rotate in part (FIG. 9 ) or rotate in full (FIG. 8 ) Angular position monitors (58, 154) determine the angular position of the cathode assembly, hence the x-ray beam, and the angular position of the detectors in the rotating detector embodiment. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION In accordance with the present invention, a CT scanner is provided.
A generally toroidal x-ray tube defines an internal bore of sufficient diameter for passing an imaged region of a subject therethrough.
The toroidal x-ray tube generates a generally fan shaped x-ray beam from at least a multiplicity of locations therearound.
The beam is directed across the central bore from an apex location in the x-ray tube.
A mounting means mounts the toroidal x-ray tube.
The radiation detection means spans at least an arc for detecting the x-ray beam after it has passed through the imaged subject region in the bore.
An x-ray beam apex location determining means determines an angular position of the x-ray beam apex location.
An image reconstruction means which is connected with the radiation detection means of the x-ray beam apex location determining means reconstructs an image representation of the imaged region of the subject.
In accordance with a more limited aspect of the present invention, the toroidal x-ray tube includes a generally toroidal housing having an evacuated interior.
An annular anode surface is mounted within the toroidal housing interior in thermal communication with a cooling fluid passage through which cooling fluid is circulated to remove excess heat from the anode surface.
The anode surface may be a single, continuous annulus or can be assembled from a plurality of segments A cathode assembly which is disposed within the toroidal housing includes a means for emitting electrons to form an electron beam that strikes the anode surface A means is provided for moving the electron beam to at least a multiplicity of points around the anode.
In accordance with a more limited aspect of the present invention, the cathode assembly of the x-ray tube is rotatably mounted within the toroidal housing.
The means for moving the electron beam includes a means for rotating the cathode assembly.
In accordance with a more limited aspect of the present invention, a compensator and a collimator are mounted for rotation with the cathode assembly and the x-ray source
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