 High-power radiator |
| Accordingly, one object of this invention is to provide a novel high-power radiator, in particular ... |
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| Non-dustable granular dye: dye particles coated with hydroxylpropyl cellulose or carbohydrate |
| What is claimed is: 1. A non-dustable granular dye composition which comprises dye particles in ... |
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| Catechol carboxylic acids |
| OF THE INVENTION As used herein, the term "lower alkyl" denotes a straight or branched chain ... |
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| Stabilization of ink compositions |
| We claim: 1. An ink composition, comprising: (A) 25 to 35 weight percent, based on the total weight ... |
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| Dyeing method |
| What is claimed is: 1. A method for the continuous dyeing or printing of a cellulose-containing ... |
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| Photoinitiators for photopolymerization of unsaturated systems |
| We claim: 1. A process for the photopolymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated compound or a ... |
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| Direct dry negative color printing process and composition |
| I claim: 1. A direct negative color photosensitive composition comprising a binder containing a ... |
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| Chalcone derivatives and process for producing the same |
| OF THE INVENTION The novel chalcone derivatives having at least one tetrahydropyranyloxy group ... |
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| Recording materials for ink-jet printing |
| What is claimed is: 1. A recording material for ink jet printing comprising a carrier having a ... |
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| Dyeing of polyamide substrates with an organic N-nitroso-hydroxylamine as light stabilizer |
| We claim: 1. A process for dyeing a polyamide substrate from an aqueous bath with a suitable dye ... |
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Contrast-enhancing agent for photolithography
| Details |
Inventors: Ichimura, Kunihiro; Yonezawa, Teruhiko; Kikuchi, Hideo; Tochizawa, Nariaki; Hayashi, Keiichi;
Assignee: Director General of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology (Tokyo, JP); Toyo Gosei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Chiba, JP)
Primary Examiner: Michl; Paul R.
Assistant Examiner: Buscher; Mark R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hopgood, Calimafde, Kalil, Blaustein & Judlowe
The invention provides a novel contrast-enhancing agent for photolithography which is used as an overcoating on a positive-working photoresist layer for enhancing the contrast of the photoresist in a low-contrast exposure to light. The composition comprises, in addition to a watersoluble polymer, e.g., poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl pyrroilidone) and pullulan, as the binder, a specific photo-bleachable organic compound having, in a molecule, at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic structure represented by the general formula ##STR1## in which Z is a divalent group to form the heterocyclic aromatic ring with the nitrogen atom, X is an anionic group of monovalency and n is a positive integer of, e.g., 1 or 2. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As is understood from the above given summary of the invention, the essential components in the inventive contrast-enhancing agent is the specific photo-bleachable compound having, in a molecule, at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structural unit of the general formula (I) as the component (a) and a water-soluble polymeric binder as the component (b).
The photo-bleachable compound as the component (a) is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (Ia) given above.
In this general formula (Ia), the group denoted by A is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group which is exemplified by phenyl, naphthyl, furyl, anthranyl, thienyl and benzofuryl groups as the examples of the unsubstituted aromatic groups.
When the group denoted by A is a substituted aromatic group, the substituent can be selected from the class consisting of those atoms and groups capable of substituting on the aromatic nucleus including halogen atoms as well as hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, formyl and acyl groups.
The heterocyclic aromatic structure of the formula ##STR9## in the characteristic structural unit of the general formula (Ia) without the portion of A--CH.
dbd.
CH).
sub.
n can be derived from one of the compounds represented by the following general formulas: ##STR10## In these formulas, the symbols R.
sup.
1 and R.
sup.
2 each have the same meaning as defined above and the symbol R.
sup.
3 in the formulas may have the same meaning as R.
sup.
1.
Further, the symbol X in the general formula (I) or (Ia) denotes an anionic group of monovalency such as ions of halogen, sulfate, alkyl sulfate, phosphate, sulfonate and the like.
It is optional that two kinds or more of these photo-bleachable compounds are used in the inventive contrast-enhancing agent in combination.
The subscript n in the general formula (I) or (Ia) is a positive integer and, although the value of n has no particular upper limit, it is preferable that n has a value of 1, 2 or 3 or, more preferably, 1 or 2 so that preferable photo-bleachable compounds are represented by the following general formula (II) or (III): ##STR11## in which the symbols A, Z, R
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