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| Polyvinyl butyral ink formulation |
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| Intaglio printing ink and method of employing the same |
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| Photosensitive material |
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| Apparatus for the reduction of image intensity variations in a continuously variable reducing copier |
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| Non-impact single and multi-ply printing method and apparatus |
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| Sensitization of glyoxylate photoinitiators |
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Disperse dyeing of polyvinyl chloride-acetelized polyvinyl alcohol fibers
| Details |
Inventors: Schlick, Bernhard;
Assignee: Sandoz Ltd. (Basel, CH)
Primary Examiner: Hamrock; William F.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sharkin; Gerald D., Vila; Richard E., Doyle; Thomas C.
A process for dyeing without shrinkage with a disperse dyestuff or an optical brightening agent a fibrous substrate whose fibres comprise a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and acetalized polyvinyl alcohol, in which the substrate is dyed at a temperature from 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. in the presence of a levelling carrier, this levelling carrier being removable when the dried substrate is subsequently submitted to a dry heat treatment for a period up to 120 seconds and at a temperature from 95.degree. to 135.degree. C. |
|
DETAILED DESCRIPTION What we claim is: 1.
A process for dyeing with a disperse dyestuff a fibrous substrate whose fibres comprise a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and acetalized polyvinyl alcohol, which comprises dyeing the substrate at a temperature from 60.
degree.
to 90.
degree.
C.
with a dye liquor containing a levelling carrier which is substantially removable from the substrate when the dyed or brightened substrate is subsequently submitted, after drying, to a dry heat treatment for a period of up to 120 seconds and at a temperature from 95.
degree.
to 135.
degree.
C.
2.
A process according to claim 1, in which the substrate is dyed at a temperature from 60.
degree.
to 75.
degree.
C.
3.
A process according to claim 1, in which the levelling carrier is present in the dyebath in an amount from 0.
1 to 8 g per liter.
4.
A process according to claim 1, in which the levelling carrier is an aromatic hydrocarbon, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, an aromatic carboxylic acid ester, benzalacetone or benzalacetophenone, or a mixture thereof.
5.
A process according to claim 1, in which the levelling carrier is an alkylbenzene in which the benzene nucleus is substituted by two or more methyl groups or at least one ethyl, propyl or butyl group; methyl-biphenyl; biphenyl; di- or tri-chlorobenzene; or a benzoic or cinnamic acid ester; or a mixture thereof.
6.
A process according to claim 1, in which the levelling carrier is a mixture of alkylbenzenes and/or of benzoic acid esters.
7.
A process according to claim 1, in which the dyed substrate is subsequently dried, the final drying step being effected at a temperature from 90.
degree.
to 95.
degree.
C.
for 60 to 120 seconds.
8.
A process according to claim 1, in which the dried substrate is submitted to a dry heat treatment with hot air at a temperature from 120.
degree.
to 135.
degree.
C.
for 30 to 120 seconds.
9.
A process according to claim 1, in which the fibrous substrate consists of or comprises a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and acetalized polyvinyl alcohol in a weight ratio of 50:50
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