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Antenna arrangement for a radar surveillance method for target locating with altitude acquisition
| Details |
Inventors: Brunner, Anton; Kress, Erwin;
Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (Berlin & Munich, DE)
Primary Examiner: Lieberman; Eli
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hill, Van Santen, Steadman, Chiara & Simpson
An antenna arrangement for a radar surveillance method for target locating having altitude acquisition provides that, for the purpose of level comparison, a plurality of overlapping lobes lying above one another are generated by a reflector rotating around a vertical axis together with a primary radiator row arranged essentially vertically. In employing a paraboloid of revolution as the reflector, a vertical primary radiator row is arranged around its focal point. Given more greatly deflected beams whose exciters are at a greater distance from the focal point, the gain in such an antenna decreases as the side lobes increase, limiting the elevation angle range. A single parabolic cylinder reflector generating a beam and focusing only in the horizontal plane is employed as the reflector, the individual radiators of a primary radiator row being arranged along its focal line. The horizontal extent of the primary radiators is so small and the vertical extent is so great that the desired bundling of the individual lobes lying one above another arises. The antenna arrangement according to the invention can be advantageously employed in an X-band radar having altitude acquisition. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna arrangement for a radar surveillance method for target locating having altitude acquisition which makes do without the technical expense required given phase-controlled antennas and which nevertheless satisfactorily functions over a relatively great angle of elevation range with respect to gain and with respect to side lobe behavior.
According to the invention, which relates to an antenna arrangement of the type generally mentioned above, the above object is achieved in that the reflector is designed as a parabolic cylinder reflector generating a beam focusing only in the horizontal plane, the primary radiator row being arranged along its focal line, in that the individual radiators of the primary radar row which are designed relatively narrow with respect to their horizontal expanse are inclined in the vertical plane in such a manner that the respectively desired primary beam radiation of the individual lobes lying above one another and generated thereby arises in the vertical pattern, and in that the individual radiators of the primary radiator row are dimensioned in their vertical extent in such a manner that a desired bundling of the individual lobes lying one above another arises.
The antennas arrangement according to the present invention, therefore, also has the advantage that a parabolic cylinder reflector can be relatively easily manufactured.
The number of individual radiators in the primary radiator row depends on the accuracy of the desired angle of elevation determination and of the angle of elevation range to be covered.
The individual radiators of the primary radiator row can be advantageously executed as flap parabolic antennas (cheese box antennas, pillbox antennas), which comprise metal plates extending parallel to one another which are terminated by a parabolic cylinder strip and which are fed by a small horn radiator in the focal line of the parabolic strip.
The flat parabolic antennas can be symmetrically or asymmetrically constructed (offset feed)
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