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Antenna isolation for continuous wave radar systems
| Details |
Inventors: Lantagne, John A.; Powers, Edwin C.;
Assignee: Raytheon Company (Lexington, MA)
Primary Examiner: Tubbesing; T. H.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sharkansky; Richard M.
A radio frequency energy radar system having a transmitting antenna system for transmitting and directing CW radio frequency energy toward a target. A receiving antenna system, adjacent to the transmitting antenna system, receives portions of the transmitted CW radio frequency energy reflected by the target. The receiving antenna system including a plurality of antenna elements disposed along a path and arranged to provide an antenna pattern having a main lobe antenna pattern directed toward the target and adjacent side lobe antenna pattern. A septum is positioned between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, for shielding unwanted portions of the transmitted CW radio frequency energy from passing directly from the transmitting antenna to the antenna elements of the receiving antenna The shielding means terminates along an edge positioned in a region forward of the antenna elements. The distances between the antenna elements and points along the edge are selected to produce a non-uniform phase distribution of unwanted CW energy scattered by the edge and received by the antenna elements, such phase distribution being selected to enable the receiving antenna system to focus such unwanted scattered energy into the side lobe antenna pattern, thereby decreasing the amount of coupled energy from the transmit array to the receive array. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION In accordance with the present invention a radio frequency energy radar system adapted to transmit and receive continuous wave (CW) radio frequency energy is provided.
The radar system includes a transmitting antenna system, coupled to a source of the CW radio frequency energy, for transmitting and directing CW radio frequency energy towards a target.
A receiving antenna system is positioned next to the transmitting antenna system.
The receiving antenna system receives portions of the transmitted CW radio frequency energy reflected by the target.
The receiving antenna system includes a plurality of antenna elements disposed along a path and arranged to provide an antenna pattern having a main lobe directed, toward the target, with adjacent sidelobes.
A septum is positioned between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.
The septum shields unwanted portions of the transmitted CW radio frequency energy from passing directly from the transmitting antenna to the antenna elements of the receiving antenna.
The shielding terminates along an edge positioned in a region forward of the antenna elements.
The distances between the antenna elements in a row thereof and points along the edge differ from element to element to produce a non-uniform phase distribution for the unwanted CW energy scattered by the edge and received by the antenna elements.
More particularly, the phase distribution is selected to enable the receiving antenna system to focus unwanted scattered energy into the side lobes of the receiving antenna.
With such arrangement, transmitted energy scattered by the edge of the shield and received by each row of antenna elements has a phase distribution which focuses the received energy into a lower gain side lobe of the receiving antenna.
A shield used in the prior art having an edge parallel to the rows of antenna elements has been found to scatter the transmitted energy uniformly, or "in phase," across the rows of antenna elements.
Such received energy additively combines, or focuses, into the high gain main lobe of the antenna pattern
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