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Method and apparatus for improving video scrambling and employing split sync pulses
| Details |
Inventors: Farmer, James O.; Schodowski, Blair J.; Mobley, Joseph G.; Cole, Gregory C.; Tumblin, John E.; Banker, Robert O.; West, Lamar;
Assignee: Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. (Norcross, GA)
Primary Examiner: Gregory; Bernarr E.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Marvin; William A.
This invention discloses a new and improved method of scrambling video signals by inversion of the video information by splitting the sync pulse into plural portions and transmitting each portion of the sync pulse at a predetermined level. This improves the quality of the recovered video compared with other video inversion systems by rendering the video less sensitive to variations in the modulation depth of the modulator carrying the inverted signal, the demodulation sensitivity of the demodulator and the stability of the recovery circuits. The invention further provides additional security against pirating by allowing the scrambling circuit to operate in diverse modes, each of which will cause a TV to react differently should a conventional pirating device be employed. The invention also renders the signal capable of being transmitted with unmodified modulators of the type normally employed in the CATV industry. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIGS.
2A, 2B and 2C illustrate waveforms which illustrate one aspect of the present invention.
According to a novel aspect of the present invention, the sync pulse is split into plural portions.
A portion of the sync pulse may be transmitted at one level, e.
g.
, a conventional sync level of -40 IRE.
Another portion of the sync pulse may be transmitted at another level, e.
g.
, at +100 IRE, which corresponds to the peak white level.
As can be seen in FIG.
2A, a first portion of the sync pulse may be transmitted at a first level, here the sync tip level, for a time period t.
sub.
1 (where t.
sub.
1 <sync pulse duration) and a second portion of the sync pulse is transmitted at a level corresponding to peak white for a time t.
sub.
2 (where t.
sub.
2 <sync pulse duration).
The values of t.
sub.
1 and t.
sub.
2 may preferably be equal to each other, however t.
sub.
1 may be greater than t.
sub.
2 or t.
sub.
2 may be greater than t.
sub.
1.
If the sync pulse is transmitted in two portions as shown in FIGS.
2A or 2B, the time t.
sub.
1 +t.
sub.
2 should equal the sync pulse duration time.
The sync pulse duration time is typically on the order of 4.
7 .
mu.
sec but it may vary as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
In FIG.
2B, t.
sub.
1 represents the duration of the first portion of the sync pulse which corresponds to a peak white level (+100 IRE) and t.
sub.
2 represents the duration of a second portion of the sync pulse which corresponds to the sync tip level (-40 IRE).
In this configuration, the first portion of the sync pulse is transmitted at a higher level than a subsequent portion of the sync pulse.
For example, the first portion of the snyc pulse is transmitted at the peak white level and a second portion of the sync pulse is transmitted at a sync tip level.
This provides the additional advantage that even if the sync tip level is detected, it will be delayed in time thereby causing a picture shift.
A further embodiment is characterized by providing a sync pulse split into three portions
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Telecommunications 
