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| Asynchronous tone generator |
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| Peak detector circuit |
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Methods of water flooding and fracturing using clean, non-damaging fracturing fluids
| Details |
Inventors: Ely, John W.;
Assignee: Halliburton Company (Duncan, OK)
Primary Examiner: Novosad; Stephen J.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Tregoning; John H., Weaver; Thomas R., Laney; William R.
A fracturing fluid composition consisting essentially of a viscous aqueous solution having a high concentration of cations, an anionic or nonionic viscosifier imparting a high viscosity to the composition, and an anionic, polymeric fluid loss material which is substantially insoluble in the aqueous solution, and is soluble in fresh water substantially free of the cations in the fracturing fluid. In the method of fracturing using the fracturing fluid compositions of the invention, the composition is injected into the fracture via the well bore to enlarge and/or extend the fracture. Completion of fracturing is followed by injection of fresh water into the fracture from the well bore to dissolve the anionic, polymeric fluid loss material, and displace the fracturing fluid composition into the formation upon continuation of a water flood operation. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION What is claimed is: 1.
A method of producing hydrocarbon from a subterranean formation comprising: drilling an injection well and a producing well from the surface into the formation at spaced locations; injecting into the formation via the injection well at a pressure sufficient to hydraulically fracture said formation a cation-containing, viscous water base fracturing composition containing a solid, water soluble high molecular weight polymeric fluid loss compound selected from the group consisting of polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose which is insoluble in the fracturing composition liquid phase due to the presence of said cation, wherein said polyacrylamide has a molecular weight in the range of about 1 to about 20 million and said carboxymethyl cellulose has a molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 to 1,000,000; and injecting fresh water free of said cations into the formation via the fracture to dissolve the fluid loss compound and displace the hydrocarbon toward the producing well.
2.
A method of fracture treating a subterranean hydrocarbon-producing formation penetrated by an injection well and a producing well, said method consisting essentially of: forming a fracture in said formation by introducing therein, under fracturing conditions via said injection well, a viscous water base fracturing composition comprising a viscosifier, a cation and a solid, water soluble high molecular weight polymeric fluid loss compound selected from the group consisting of polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose which is insoluble in said fracturing composition liquid phase in the presence of said cation; wherein said polyacrylamide has a molecular weight in the range of about 1 to about 20 million and said carboxymethyl cellulose has a molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 to 1,000,000 introducing into said formation via said injection well and said fracture a quantity of water free of said cation whereby said fluid loss compound dissolves and hydrocarbons present in said formation are displaced toward said producing well
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