DETAILED DESCRIPTION As indicated above, a mathematical interrelationship between a first fluid containing a non-permeant charged material and another fluid disposed on an opposed side of a semi-permeable membrane relative to the side of such membrane on which is disposed said first fluid is now believed to exist, and this relationship is represented by the following set of equations: O.
Eqn 0 --The Second Law J.
Willard Gibbs.
On the equilibrium of heterogeneous substances.
J Conn Acad Sci 1876; III : 343.
##EQU1## I Eqn 1 --The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation The major buffer and controller of extra- and intracellular pH.
Henderson LH.
Blood, A Study in General Physiology.
Silliman Lectures, Yale University Press, 1928 ##EQU2## II Donnan Equilibrium Equation Donnan FG.
Z Electrochem 17: 572, 1911 Donnan FG.
Chem Rev 1: 73-90, 1924.
##STR1## EXAMPLE Consider albumin dialyzed against 100% CO.
sub.
2 /3.
13 NaHCO.
sub.
3 buffer with 1.
17 mM albumin (i.
e.
8% solution).
Hypothetically keep charge on albumin at -20/mole.
##EQU3## II Eqn 2 Multicomponent Donnan Equilibrium System for Solutions Such as the Heaodialysis of Blood Plasma Electrolytes where .
DELTA.
p=0 and all components but albumin are permeant.
Subscript.
sub.
o .
about.
in dialysis fluid, subscript.
sub.
i .
about.
in patient's plasma, .
DELTA.
p.
about.
difference in pressure.
##EQU4## III Eqn 3 .
Nernst Equation --.
DELTA.
E Nernst W.
Theoretical Chemistry, 4th Edition, 1904, McMillan, London.
See also Silliman Lecture, 1906, Yale U.
Press, New Haven.
##EQU5## where: at 38.
degree.
C.
T.
about.
311.
degree.
K R, the gas constant, .
about.
8.
314 joules/degree/mole n.
about.
number of equivalents F, the Faraday, .
about.
96,494 coulombs .
DELTA.
E .
about.
potential in volts To convert in to log.
sub.
10, multiply be 2.
303 From Cornell N, Anal Biochem 1980: 102: 326-331, for isolated hepatocytes from starved rats incubated in Krebs-Henseleit.
##EQU6## and for cat brain, from Eccles, JC.
The Physiology of Nerve Cell, 1957, Johns Hopkins U Press, Baltimore.
##EQU7## 3
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Vasodialators 
