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| Vertical installation system in which information processing apparatuses are installed |
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System for modelling low resolution atmospheric propagation
| Details |
Inventors: Kneizys, Francis X.; Shettle, Eric P.; Abreu, Leonard W.; Chetwynd, James H.; Anderson, Gail P.; Gallery, William O.; Selby, John E. A.; Clough, Shepard A.;
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air (Washington, DC)
Primary Examiner: Jablon; Clark A.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Auton; William E., Singer; Donald J.
LOWTRAN 7 is a low-resolution propagation model and computer code for predicting atmospheric transmittance and background radiance from 0 to 50,000 cm.sup.- at a resolution of 20 cm.sup.-. The code is based on the LOWTRAN 6 (1983) model with a number of improvements. Multiple scattered radiation has been added to the model as well as new molecular band model parameters and new ozone and molecular oxygen absorption parameters for the UV. Other modifications include a wind-dependent desert model, new cirrus cloud models, and new cloud and rain models. The code also includes new representative (geographical and seasonal) atmospheric models and updated aerosol models with options to replace them with user-derived values. An improved extra-terrestrial solar source function is also included. Six modes of program execution are allowed with the new model and computer code for a given slant path geometry. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention includes a low-resolution propagation model and system for predicting atmospheric transmittance background radiance, single scattered solar and lunar radiance, direct solar or lunar irradiance, and multiple scattered solar and thermal radiance.
The spectral resolution of the model is 20 cm.
sup.
-1 (full width at half-maximum) in steps of 5 cm.
sup.
-1 from 0 to 50,000 cm.
sup.
-1 (0.
2 um to infinity).
A single-parameter band model is used for molecular line absorption and the effects of molecular continuum-type absorption; molecular scattering, aerosol and hydrometeor absorption and scattering are included.
Refraction and earth curvature are considered in the calculation of the atmospheric slant path and attenuation amounts along the path.
Representative atmospheric, aerosol, cloud, and rain models are provided in the code with options to replace them with user-provided theoretical or measured values.
A new atmospheric data base consisting of separate molecular profiles (0 to 100 km) for thirteen (13) minor and trace gases is provided for use with the LOWTRAN 7 model.
Six reference atmospheres, each defining temperature, pressure, and density as a function of altitude are included in the program.
As mentioned above, the software and instructions for the LOWTRAN 7 package are available from: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA, Environmental Data Services, Federal Building, Nasheville, N.
C.
28801 (704)259-0272 The description that follows shows how the invention may be used to benefit existing sensor and communication systems.
The reader's attention is now directed towards FIG.
1, which is an illustration of a satellite system used by the U.
S.
Navy to measure sea surface temperature which relies on LOWTRAN 5 (a predecessor of the present invention).
The system of FIG.
1 is presented in order to demonstrate a practical application of the present invention with an external sensor system.
The system of FIG.
1 uses a geostationary satellite 10 and a polar orbiting satellite 12 to acquire infrared imagery of an oceanographic study area 14
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