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Sustained release animal repellents
| Details |
Inventors: Brown, Larry R.;
Assignee: Brown; Larry R. (Newton, MA); Kahn; Robert I. (Newton Centre, MA)
Primary Examiner: Levy; Neil S.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fish & Richardson P.C.
Compositions and methods for repelling an animal from an area or object are described. The compositions include an animal repellent dissolved or dispersed in a polymer where the repellent is released from the polymer over a period of time in an amount effective to repel an animal from the area. Capture of the repellent in the polymeric matrix allows for concentration of the repellent in an easily movable or removable device. Moreover, the repellent is not diluted by contact with water. The composition is provided in a usable form as a film, a sheet, a shaped article, pellets, or microparticles. The method for repelling an animal from an area or object includes preparing a device incorporating the above compositions and placing the device in an area or near or on an object desired to be protected. The devices can be manufactured by solvent evaporation, solvent removal, coextrusion, spray drying, and hot melt encapsulation. In a preferred embodiment the polymer is ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and the repellent is methyl nonyl ketone or animal predator urine. |
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Controlled release formulations in polymeric vehicles have been used for delivery of pesticides, insecticides, fertilizer, detergents, perfumes and in drug delivery.
U.
S.
Pat.
No.
5,017,377 to Sikinama et al.
discloses a controlled release insect pest repellent including p-menthane-3,8-diol blended with an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
Controlled release formulations can be formulated using either non-degradable or degradable polymeric materials.
In one type of polymeric delivery system, a polymeric capsule is formed around or incorporating the agent to be delivered.
The type of agent being delivered and the environment in which the agent is intended to be used determine the composition of the polymer or polymers used and the method that can be used to incorporate the agent.
Alternatively, the polymer can be in the form of a sheet, pellets, a film, or a shaped article.
Unlike the uncontrolled application of repellents such as methyl nonyl ketone in the presently marketed forms, in the present device and method the repellent is released from the polymeric compositions in a controlled manner for a longer time period and at a sustained effective repellent concentration.
Controlled release devices are disclosed which can be placed and/or affixed where desired, moved around, and removed when desired.
Continuous release of repellent is provided over a several week time period and the repellent is protected from environmental elements such as rain without the need for reapplication.
In addition, the device can be fabricated so that release only occurs from a single surface of the device, allowing it to be placed on or adjacent to ornamental plants and/or vegetation without damaging the plant.
In one embodiment, the composition is a polymeric film that incorporates methyl nonyl ketone therewithin.
In another embodiment, the composition is a polymeric film containing an environmentally inert and safe repellent such as predator's urine.
A.
Compositions The compositions are made from a polymer and an animal repellent
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